Xinhua News Agency, December 21st: Scientific prevention and control, taking it easy — — Review of flood control and fighting in 2016

　　Xinhua News Agency reporters Hou Xuejing and Wang Libin

　　This year, under the severe test of the north-south flood disaster, the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, the meticulous organization, scientific scheduling and full response of the State General Administration of Defense, the General Administration of Flood Control in all river basins and the local party committees, governments and flood control and drought relief headquarters, and the concerted efforts and tenacious struggle of the broad masses of soldiers and civilians in Qi Xin ensured the safety of people’s lives and property to the greatest extent. According to statistics, compared with the average value of the same period since 2000, the affected area of crops, affected population, dead population and collapsed houses decreased by 14%, 27%, 49% and 57% respectively. The whole country won the victory of flood control and flood fighting at the least cost, and spent a very unsettled year in 2016.

　　Deploy ahead of time and build a "responsibility levee" for flood control and flood fighting.

　　Affected by the super El Ni? o event, this year, the whole country entered the flood season early and lasted for a long time, and rare storms and floods occurred in many places. 473 rivers in 28 provinces across the country exceeded the police. Taihu Lake has the second highest water level in history. The biggest flood occurred in the Yangtze River basin since 1998. The biggest flood occurred in the south of Haihe River since 1996. Eight typhoons landed in China, four of which reached the magnitude of strong typhoon … …

　　"Starting from the most unfavorable situation, work hard in the best direction!" The National Defense General Administration and the Ministry of Water Resources put all their efforts into flood control and flood fighting, and held a plenary meeting of the National Defense General Administration one month in advance; Flood control inspection one month in advance; "One province, one order" will be rectified within a limited time, and the implementation will be urged; Revise and improve the emergency plan for flood control and drought relief & HELIP; … In this flood season, the leaders of the National Defense General and the Ministry of Water Resources held daily rolling consultations, and video conferences were held several times during the critical period of "seven downs and eight ups" for re-deployment and re-implementation.

　　The main responsible comrades of local party committees and governments at all levels personally deployed and commanded, and implemented their responsibilities. At the critical moment of flood control in the Yangtze River, the National Defense General announced for the first time the list of 885 grass-roots administrative responsible persons in important dike sections, with detailed responsibility decomposition to ensure that "one section and one responsibility" is taken care of by special personnel and the dike is impregnable. In all river basins, provinces and cities, the responsibilities are clearly defined step by step, and the pressure is transmitted layer by layer, so as to build a "responsibility levee" for flood control and flood fighting.

　　Fighting floods is a battlefield and an examination room. Organized in an orderly way, flood control and flood fighting are powerful, orderly and calm.

　　Rolling revision of large-scale flood control key reservoirs in the Yangtze River, Taihu Lake, Haihe River and Yellow River basins. According to the characteristics of different river basins, different flood types and different defense requirements, the emergency response to flood control and typhoon prevention was launched 19 times.

　　In reservoir dispatching, dam defense, mass transfer and secondary disaster prevention, at the critical juncture of flood control and flood fighting, the National Defense General has sent more than 320 working groups, expert groups and supervision teams to the front line.

　　At the critical moment when it is difficult to connect flood-fighting and emergency materials, the Ministry of Finance of the State Administration of Defense arranged a huge subsidy of 3.767 billion yuan for flood control and drought relief, fully supporting the local authorities to do all kinds of prevention and response work.

　　Scientific scheduling, water conservancy projects become the mainstay.

　　Compared with more than 9000 dangerous places in the Yangtze River embankment in 1998, there are only 50 general dangerous places in the Yangtze River embankment this year. The direct economic loss of Taihu Lake Basin due to the disaster was 7.528 billion yuan, accounting for 0.12% of the basin’s GDP(2014), far lower than 7.8% in 1991 and 1.6% in 1999, which created a miracle that no one died or disappeared due to the disaster.

　　The decisive battle for the catastrophic flood in 2016 was a comprehensive test of the remarkable improvement of comprehensive national strength in the past 38 years of reform and opening up, and a grand "baptism" was held for the Chinese forces fighting floods and floods in a special form.

　　Natural disasters are unfortunate, but fortunately, the level of flood control and flood fighting ability in China is not what it used to be.

　　The flood control system is more perfect. After the flood in 1998, the state invested nearly 30 billion yuan to speed up the reinforcement of the Yangtze River trunk dike, making the 3,900-kilometer standardized dike "strong and strong". This is a microcosm of the remarkable improvement of the country’s disaster prevention capability. Up to now, China has built 98,000 reservoirs with a total storage capacity of 932.3 billion cubic meters.

　　The hard "card" of engineering system is in hand, and the guarantee of non-engineering system is strong. Since 2011, the state has invested 27.9 billion yuan, realizing the basic coverage of the monitoring network in the mountain flood disaster prevention and control area.

　　Engineering scheduling is more scientific. "If the Three Gorges Reservoir and the Upper and Middle Reaches Reservoir jointly dispatch reservoirs to cut peaks and store floods during the flood season this year, the consequences will be very serious." Zhang Jiatuan, inspector and spokesperson of the National Defense Office, said.

　　At the critical stage of flood control in July, the Three Gorges and the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River were jointly dispatched, and the flood in the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River was stopped by 22.7 billion cubic meters, which reduced the flood peak level of the upper reaches of Chenglingji in Dongting Lake by 0.8-1.7 meters, the flood peak level of Chenglingji in Dongting Lake by 0.7 meters, and the flood peak level of the lower reaches of Wuhan by 0.2-0.4 meters, thus realizing that the Shangjing River does not exceed the police, the flood storage and detention areas near Chenglingji in Dongting Lake do not divide floods, and the important dikes of the Yangtze River do not It is precisely because of the interception of the Three Gorges Project that the comprehensive benefits of the reservoirs are maximized.

　　Join forces to fight floods, and all directions help to show institutional advantages.

　　During the flood season this year, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council made immediate arrangements, all members of the National Defense General performed their duties, and all localities and departments worked together and acted quickly, forming a strong joint force to unite and fight floods.

　　The People’s Liberation Army (PLA) and the Armed Police Force (CAPF) gave full play to the role of the main force and commandos, rescued and transferred more than 700,000 people, reinforced more than 1,000 kilometers of dams and grabbed more than 1,200 kilometers of access roads. The public security department dispatched 2.36 million police officers to evacuate, transfer and rescue more than 2.35 million trapped people, effectively maintaining social order in the disaster areas.

　　Modern flood control and fighting is a battle of ability and strength.

　　The National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Finance increased their support for water conservancy construction and flood fighting and disaster relief. The Ministry of Finance allocated 15.48 billion yuan for flood control and drought relief, and the Ministry of Civil Affairs and the Ministry of Finance allocated 7.906 billion yuan to urgently allocate 41,000 tents, 166,000 beds (pieces) of clothing and other central materials to the hardest hit areas such as Hubei, Jiangsu and Hebei.

　　The transportation of materials is the lifeblood of modern flood control and flood fighting.

　　The transportation and railway departments quickly repaired the roads and railways damaged by water, successfully rescued more than 300 people in distress at sea and more than 40 ships, and realized the prevention of strong typhoons twice without casualties. The Ministry of Agriculture organizes fishing boats to return to Hong Kong to take shelter from the wind and guide the disaster areas to resume agricultural production.

　　Modern flood control is also a public health war.

　　Health and family planning departments have strengthened health and epidemic prevention, treating more than 800,000 patients and killing more than 300 million square meters in the environment.

　　Industry and information, housing and construction, commerce, safety supervision, energy and other departments do their jobs and serve the overall situation.

　　… …

　　The socialist system fully demonstrates its advantages of concentrating on doing great things.

　　Life is paramount, and 14.61 million people in danger zones have been transferred ahead of schedule — — Almost equal to the population of a medium-sized country in Europe, and ensure that the affected people have food, shelter and medical treatment when they are sick … … This is a party and government that is highly responsible for the safety of people’s lives and respects and fears life.

　　　　Recently, the website of the Ministry of Supervision published for the first time the internal organization chart and related working procedures of the Ministry of Supervision of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection. On the official website of the Ministry of Supervision, click on the "Organization Profile" column, and you can see the block diagram of 27 institutions under the Supervision Department of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, as well as the working procedures of the discipline inspection and supervision organs in handling letters and visits, investigating cases, and handling political disciplinary appeals.

　　　　Although the publicity was slightly "low-key", it still attracted widespread attention.

　　　　Professor Ma Huaide, vice-president of China University of Political Science and Law, said in an interview with China Youth Daily that although the Commission for Discipline Inspection and the supervisory organs are co-located, one is in the party and the other is in the government sequence, and the particularity of the institutions determines the complexity of the nature of information and the scope of disclosure.

　　　　"From the disclosure of government information to the disclosure of party committees, and then to the disclosure of administrative actions required by the Supreme Leader General Secretary, the depth and latitude of disclosure are expanding." Ma Huaide believes that this move by the Ministry of Supervision will promote other party affairs departments to disclose more information and increase the transparency of their duties.

　　　　Openness in government affairs benefits both people and themselves.

　　　　In 2008, the Regulations on the Openness of Government Information was implemented, and the competent departments and supervisory organs of government information disclosure were responsible for supervising and inspecting the implementation of government information disclosure by administrative organs.

　　　　In September 2012, Peking University Public Participation Research and Support Center (hereinafter referred to as Peking University Public Participation Center) released the Report on Administrative Transparency in China (2011-2012). Forty-two institutions under the State Council were observed and evaluated from five aspects: organizational support, institutional support, voluntary disclosure, disclosure upon application, supervision and relief, and the lowest score was the Ministry of Supervision.

　　　　"Compared with other ministries, the Ministry of Supervision is quite special." Ma Huaide said that it is co-located with CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, but the party information is different from the government information, and the scope of disclosure is also different, which objectively restricts the transparency of the Ministry of Supervision.

　　　　On January 22, 2013, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out at the second plenary session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection that it is necessary to improve the open system of administrative actions and ensure that leading cadres do not abuse their power and power for personal gain.

　　　　Ma Huaide believes that the connotation and extension of "openness of administrative actions" are broader. Under this requirement, it is foreseeable that the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the Ministry of Supervision will disclose more information in the next step.

　　　　Lang Peijuan, a professor at China University of Political Science and Law, believes that the open work process of the Ministry of Supervision reflects the change of its own concept. On the one hand, it is conducive to the people to understand the basis for the authorities to exercise their power and the specific ways, methods and procedures for exercising public power; On the other hand, it is also convenient for public supervision.

　　　　"In the past, the case-handling organs had concerns, fearing that after the internal workflow was made public, it would hinder the handling of cases." Lang Peijuan said that in fact, this will not only affect the investigation, but also promote the work to a greater extent.

　　　　"Although it is a supervisory organ, it is also a public authority itself, so it also needs to be supervised." Lang Peijuan said that the supervision of official behavior should be open, and the openness of procedures is more conducive to broader and universal supervision.

　　　　Are there many 27 internal institutions?

　　　　The public organization chart of the website of the Ministry of Supervision shows that the Ministry of Supervision of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection has eight discipline inspection and supervision rooms from the first to the eighth, and 19 internal institutions, including corruption prevention room, party style and clean government building room, petition room, case supervision and management room and case trial room.

　　　　In this regard, Lang Peijuan said that to judge whether an institution is set up reasonably, we must first measure it from the perspective of its functions: "Set up an institution according to the functions entrusted by law. The criterion for our judgment is what they are doing now, listing their powers, and then judging whether these functions really need so many institutions to do. "

　　　　"The Ministry of Supervision is co-located with CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, and there are overlapping supervision objects. There is a lot of cooperation and interaction in the work, and it is necessary to cooperate." Lang Peijuan said that what we see are two brands, which are actually a large department, so we need more institutional settings.

　　　　In addition, the organization establishment is also a major factor to judge whether the organization establishment is reasonable. Lang Peijuan believes that in practice, as long as it does not exceed the number of personnel assigned by the Central Organizing Committee, it is allowed to set up as many institutions as possible under the premise of performing legal duties.

　　　　Of course, the institutional setup is not static.

　　　　"How to integrate internal institutions, how to interact between institutions, how to better share information and make decisions and consultations, all of which need to be continuously explored and gradually adjusted in operation." Lang Peijuan said.

　　　　There is no time limit for handling complaints and reports.

　　　　The Ministry of Supervision has also announced the workflow for handling letters and visits, which is concerned by the public, including four steps: preliminary preparation, registration and acceptance, handling, and reply and feedback. Letters and visits cases that need to be identified urgently, easy to check and settle, and retaliate against informants can be directly investigated and dealt with.

　　　　After the complaint reporting is completed, the discipline inspection and supervision organ that undertakes it should give feedback to the relevant real-name informants in accordance with the regulations, but the time for feedback is not limited.

　　　　"Any program has no time limit, can’t it be dragged on indefinitely?" Netizens are worried about "remembering good words".

　　　　Lin Zhe, a professor at the Central Party School, believes that it is actually more "scientific" not to specify the time. This is due to the consideration of the particularity of the petition work: "The petition work is big and small, some time is longer, and some time is shorter. If you can’t do it, you won’t promise first."

　　　　Ma Huaide also agreed with this. "The content of letters and visits to the public is broad and complicated, and there are no clear and specific procedural provisions in the law at present." He said that from the practical point of view, some people report corruption of an official, and some people report violations of a large project. The difficulty of investigation is different and the time is not good to generalize.

　　　　Lang Peijuan suggested that the law can stipulate different processing times according to the specific circumstances of clues. Simple, limited time is shorter. Complex cases, repeated, involving a particularly large number of departments, the restrictions can be relaxed.

　　　　Lang Peijuan believes that in the workflow, we should not only consider the issue of time, but also grasp the issue of proper and fair procedures: "First, the openness of the procedures, second, the participation and defense of the parties, and finally, the effectiveness of the procedures. The procedures themselves must be binding."

　　　　This move by the Ministry of Supervision reflects the openness of the procedures.

　　　　"The future disclosure can be more detailed, and every step can be made public. As long as it does not involve state secrets and the legitimate rights and interests of individuals, it should be made public as much as possible, and a mechanism should be provided for the public to track queries." Lang Peijuan said.　　　　

　　　　Beijing, March 14th

Our reporter Li Li Intern Zhang Hui Source: China Youth Daily

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