On October 28th, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment announced to the media the national surface water environmental quality in the third quarter of 2023 (July-September) and January-September.

Overall situation

In the third quarter, among the 3,641 national surface water assessment sections, the proportion of sections with excellent water quality (Class I-III) was 77.3%, down 1.7 percentage points year-on-year; The proportion of inferior V section was 0.9%, down 0.2 percentage points year-on-year. The main pollution indicators are chemical oxygen demand, permanganate index and total phosphorus.

From January to September, among 3,641 national surface water assessment sections, the proportion of sections with excellent water quality (Class I-III) was 87.1%, up 0.8 percentage points year-on-year; The proportion of inferior V section was 0.7%, down 0.2 percentage points year-on-year. The main pollution indicators are chemical oxygen demand, permanganate index and total phosphorus.

Figure 1 Proportion of surface water quality categories in China from January to September

Water quality status of major rivers

In the third quarter, the proportion of sections with excellent water quality (Class I-III) in seven major river basins, such as Yangtze River, Yellow River, Pearl River, Songhua River, Huaihe River, Haihe River and Liaohe River, and rivers in the northwest, southwest and Zhejiang and Fujian provinces was 80.5%, down 1.8 percentage points year-on-year; The proportion of inferior V section was 0.6%, down 0.3 percentage points year-on-year. The main pollution indicators are chemical oxygen demand, permanganate index and total phosphorus. Among them, the water quality of southwest rivers, northwest rivers and Yangtze River basin is excellent; The water quality of the rivers in Zhejiang and Fujian, the Yellow River Basin and the Pearl River Basin is good; Liaohe, Haihe, Huaihe and Songhua river basins are slightly polluted.

From January to September, the proportion of sections with excellent water quality (Grade I-III) in the seven major river basins, such as the Yangtze River, Yellow River, Pearl River, Songhua River, Huaihe River, Haihe River and Liaohe River, and the rivers in the northwest, southwest and Zhejiang and Fujian provinces was 89.2%, up 0.7 percentage points year-on-year; The proportion of inferior V section was 0.5%, down by 0.2 percentage points year-on-year. The main pollution indicators are chemical oxygen demand, permanganate index and five-day biochemical oxygen demand. Among them, the water quality of the Yangtze River basin, Zhejiang and Fujian rivers, southwest rivers, northwest rivers and the Pearl River basin is excellent; The water quality of the Yellow River, Liaohe River, Huaihe River and Haihe River basins is good; Songhua river basin is slightly polluted.

Figure 2 Proportion of water quality categories in seven major river basins, southwest and northwest rivers and rivers in Zhejiang and Fujian from January to September.

Water quality and nutritional status of key lakes (reservoirs)

In the third quarter, among the 209 key lakes (reservoirs) monitored, the number of lakes and reservoirs with excellent water quality (Class I-III) accounted for 72.2%, up 4.1 percentage points year-on-year; The number of lakes and reservoirs with inferior grade V water quality accounted for 3.8%, down 1.0 percentage points year-on-year. The main pollution indicators are total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand and permanganate index. Among the 204 lakes (reservoirs) monitoring the nutritional status, 18 are moderately eutrophic, accounting for 8.8%; 50 were mildly eutrophic, accounting for 24.5%; The rest of the lakes (reservoirs) are in the state of medium nutrition or poor nutrition. Among them, Taihu Lake is slightly polluted and slightly eutrophic, and the main pollution index is total phosphorus; Chaohu Lake is slightly polluted and moderately eutrophic, and the main pollution index is total phosphorus. Dianchi Lake is moderately polluted and moderately eutrophic, and the main pollution indexes are chemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus and permanganate index. Erhai Lake has good water quality and moderate nutrition; The water quality of Danjiangkou reservoir is excellent and medium nutrition; Baiyangdian Lake is slightly polluted (mainly affected by floods) and moderately nutritious, and the classification index is dissolved oxygen.

From January to September, among the 209 key lakes (reservoirs) monitored, the number of lakes and reservoirs with excellent water quality (Class I-III) accounted for 74.6%, up 0.8 percentage points year-on-year; The number of lakes and reservoirs with inferior grade V water quality accounted for 4.3%, down 0.5 percentage points year-on-year. The main pollution indicators are total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand and permanganate index. Among the 205 lakes (reservoirs) whose nutritional status was monitored, 7 were moderately eutrophic, accounting for 3.4%; 50 were mildly eutrophic, accounting for 24.4%; The rest of the lakes (reservoirs) are in the state of medium nutrition or poor nutrition. Among them, Taihu Lake and Chaohu Lake are slightly polluted and slightly eutrophic, and the main pollution index is total phosphorus; Dianchi Lake is slightly polluted and moderately eutrophic, and the main pollution indexes are chemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus and permanganate index. The water quality of Erhai Lake and Baiyangdian Lake is good and moderately nutritious. The water quality of Danjiangkou Reservoir is excellent and moderate.

Table 1 Water quality and nutritional status of six lakes (reservoirs) from January to September.

Fig. 3 Water quality and nutritional status of six lakes (reservoirs) from January to September.

Rank of national surface water assessment sections in prefecture-level and above cities

From January to September, among the cities at the prefecture level and above in China, the water environmental quality of national surface water assessment sections in 30 cities such as Liuzhou, Guilin and Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture was relatively good (from 1st to 30th), while the water environmental quality of national surface water assessment sections in 30 cities such as wujiaqu city, Shangqiu and Tongliao was relatively poor (from 1st to 30th). See Table 1-2.

The changes of water environmental quality of national surface water assessment sections in 30 cities, such as Shihezi, Baicheng and Xinzhou, are relatively good (from 1st to 30th), while the changes of water environmental quality of national surface water assessment sections in 30 cities, such as Hangzhou, Taizhou and Yancheng, are relatively poor (from 1st to 30th). See attached table 3-4.

Schedule 1

From January to September, 2023, the water environment quality of the national surface water assessment section ranked the top 30 cities and their water bodies.

Schedule 2

From January to September, 2023, the water environment quality of the national surface water assessment section ranked the last 30 cities and their water bodies.

Note: The water quality of the water body marked with * in the table meets Class I or Class II of Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB3838-2002)Ⅰ); In June and July, the section of Liutuan Bridge in Bailang River in Weifang City was seriously disturbed by human beings, and all the indexes of this section in that month were replaced by the worst value.

Schedule 3

From January to September, 2023, the changes of water environment quality in the national surface water assessment section ranked the top 30 cities and their water bodies.

Note: A negative value indicates that the environmental quality of surface water is getting better year-on-year, while a positive value indicates that it is getting worse year-on-year.

Schedule 4

From January to September, 2023, the changes of water environment quality in the national surface water assessment section ranked the last 30 cities and their water bodies.

Note: The water quality of the water bodies marked with * in the table meets Class I or Class II of Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB3838-2002)Ⅰ).

　　Technological transformation of industrial enterprises is an important way to expand effective industrial investment, enhance the core competitiveness of enterprises and promote industrial transformation and upgrading. Since the beginning of this year, many provinces and cities across the country have issued policies, which have set off a new wave of technological transformation. Among them, in terms of government financial support, Shenzhen’s latest support policy has increased the support to a maximum of 100 million yuan for a single project.

　　The First Financial Reporter learned from the relevant departments of Shenzhen that the city issued the "Several Measures on Accelerating the Technological Transformation and Upgrading of Industrial Enterprises under the New Situation" on November 30, which will provide financial support for major technological transformation projects with a total investment of 500 million yuan or more implemented by industrial enterprises in Shenzhen, according to 10% of the total investment and construction cost approved by the project, and the maximum funding for a single project is 100 million yuan; For intelligent transformation projects implemented by industrial enterprises with a total investment of 10 million yuan or more, funding will be given in stages according to 20% of the total investment and construction cost approved by the project, and the maximum funding for a single project is 50 million yuan.

　　Relevant measures have been taken to increase financing support for technological transformation projects in multiple dimensions. Five "combination boxing" methods, including bank loans, fund support, financial leasing, risk compensation and government interest subsidy, have been proposed to encourage and guide banking institutions to launch exclusive credit products such as "technological transformation loans", "digital loans" and "green loans", provide preferential interest rates, improve the efficiency of loan examination and approval, and give up to 5 million yuan of interest subsidy support for bank loan interest or equipment financing lease interest for enterprises to implement technological transformation projects.

　　The introduction of the above policies and measures in Shenzhen is also the implementation of the relevant arrangements in Guangdong Province. On November 13th, the Guangdong Provincial Government published the document "Ten Technological Innovations", which guided and encouraged industrial enterprises to carry out high-end, intelligent, green and integrated transformation. It was proposed that more than 9,000 industrial enterprises would strive to carry out technological transformation in the province every year from 2023 to 2027, and no less than 100 billion yuan would be guided to support industrial enterprises to carry out technological transformation, and the provincial finance would arrange special funds, through equipment incentives, loan interest subsidies, insurance and financial leasing.

　　In April this year, Sichuan Province issued the "Implementation Opinions on Comprehensively Carrying out the Technical Transformation of Safety, Environmental Protection and Energy Saving in Industrial Enterprises", which clarified that by 2025, a comprehensive evaluation index system for safety, environmental protection and energy efficiency in industrial fields will be established; By 2027, more than one round of safety, environmental protection and energy-saving technological transformation covering the whole industry will be completed in industrial enterprises, and the accumulated investment in safety, environmental protection and energy-saving technological transformation will exceed 200 billion yuan. Among them, the construction of evaluation index system in key fields such as steel, nonferrous metals, building materials and chemicals will be completed by the end of 2023, the construction of evaluation index system in industries such as textiles, mines and new materials will be completed by the end of 2025, and the technical transformation of full coverage of key industrial enterprises will be completed by 2027.

　　In July this year, the Chongqing Economic Information Commission, the Finance Bureau and other five departments jointly issued the "Chongqing Advanced Manufacturing Industry High-quality Development" Technical Reform Special Loan Implementation Plan (2023-2027) ",which proposed to encourage and support enterprises to adopt new technologies, new processes, new equipment and new materials to transform and upgrade existing facilities, process conditions and production services by means of loan interest subsidies and guarantee subsidies. By 2027, the city’s technological transformation investment will account for more than 40% of the city’s industrial investment. Districts and counties should establish a support mechanism for technological transformation projects with software and hardware investment of less than 10 million yuan, and give supporting loans and guarantee subsidies to municipal "special loans for technological transformation" support projects.

　　In August this year, the Shanxi provincial government issued the "Implementation Opinions on Promoting Enterprise Technological Transformation", and then the Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology issued the "Incentive Plan for Promoting Enterprise Technological Transformation", which opened the prelude to a new round of enterprise technological transformation in the province. Shanxi Province proposes that by implementing six special technical transformation projects, it will strive to significantly improve the level of technological transformation in the province by 2025, and the investment in technological transformation will increase by more than 8% annually.

　　Shandong Province is at the forefront in promoting the technological transformation of industrial enterprises in China. In 2017, it promulgated the first local regulation on technological transformation of enterprises in Shandong Province, and also took the lead in implementing the "one county, one policy" technological transformation model in China. In September this year, the Action Plan for Technological Transformation and Upgrading of Traditional Industries in Shandong Province (2023-2025) was issued, focusing on six traditional advantageous industries in Shandong, such as metallurgy, chemical industry, light industry, building materials, textiles and clothing, and machinery, and guiding enterprises to increase investment in technological transformation. At the beginning of this year, the province proposed to strive to implement about 10,000 technological transformation projects with an investment of more than 5 million yuan throughout the year, and the investment in industrial technological transformation will increase by about 6%.

　　The central level continues to encourage and support industrial enterprises to carry out technological transformation. The earliest major policy can be traced back to 1982. In that year, the State Council issued the "Decision on Technological Transformation of Existing Enterprises with Emphasis and Step by Step (Guo Fa [1982] No.15)", demanding "to change the past practice of using newly-built enterprises as the main means to expand reproduction, and to implement the policy of using technological transformation as the main means to expand reproduction", "to get rid of the old road with too many and poor results in the past, and to take the road of saving investment and getting quick results"

　　After that, the State Council has repeatedly deployed and promoted the related work of enterprise technological transformation. Among them, in September 2012, the State Council issued "Guiding Opinions on Promoting Technological Transformation of Enterprises", demanding that government investment should play a guiding role in social investment, and the central and local governments should further increase their support and increase investment in technological transformation; By 2015, the proportion of technological transformation investment in industrial investment will increase significantly, and the policy environment and institutional mechanism for promoting technological transformation of enterprises will be more sound. In November, 2015, the State Council held an executive meeting to deploy and speed up the technological upgrading of enterprises, and decided to launch a number of major technological upgrading projects to support enterprises with markets in traditional industries such as light industry, textile, steel and building materials to improve their design, technology, equipment and energy efficiency, effectively reduce costs and support the growth of innovative enterprises and emerging industries.

　　On July 19th this year, Xinhua News Agency was authorized to issue "Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Promoting the Development and Growth of Private Economy", which mentioned that digital transformation and technological transformation should be accelerated, private enterprises should be supported to intensify the green and low-carbon transformation of production processes, equipment and technology, flexible manufacturing should be accelerated, the capacity of emergency production expansion and transformation should be enhanced, and the toughness of industrial chain should be enhanced. This is the first time that the central government has put forward special opinions on the technological transformation of private enterprises.

　　In the next few days, the symposium of the heads of the national industrial and information technology departments was held. The meeting emphasized that we should pay close attention to the study of policies and measures to promote technological transformation. According to this, a regional economic expert analyzed the first financial reporter, and a new round of technological transformation is expected to be launched one after another in the whole country. Its significance is not only to improve the competitiveness of enterprises, but also to help stabilize growth by driving relevant investments.

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, April 10 (Reporter Dong Ruifeng, Li Heng) The reporter learned from the National Health and Wellness Commission on April 10 that the Comprehensive Group of Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council recently issued the Vaccination Work Plan to Respond to the Recent Infection in Covid-19, and made corresponding arrangements for the target population, time interval and vaccine selection. The plan is clear, and the focus of vaccination at this stage is to fill the gap in immune level for different target groups and further reduce the risk of severe illness and death.

According to the plan, people who are not infected and have not completed the established immunization program will complete the follow-up vaccination according to the established immunization program and its time interval. This part of the population includes people aged 3 to 17 who are uninfected and have not completed the basic immunization, people over 18 who are uninfected and have not completed the first dose of booster immunization, and people over 18 who are uninfected and have not completed the second dose of booster immunization (high-risk people with infection, people over 60 years old, people with serious basic diseases and people with low immunity).

Among them, for people over 18 who have completed basic immunization, the interval of the first dose of booster immunization is adjusted to more than 3 months.

For people who have been infected and have not completed basic immunization, according to the plan, one dose of vaccine can be inoculated after 3 months of infection.

Experts from the Comprehensive Group of the State Council Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism said that the overall epidemic situation in the country is sporadic, but the Covid-19 has not disappeared, and the spread of the virus among people still persists. With the change of epidemic situation, whether vaccination is needed at this stage should be determined according to infection, previous vaccination history, age, physical condition and other factors.

According to reports, the protective antibodies obtained by vaccination and infection will decay with time. From a global perspective, it is a common understanding that Covid-19 should be vaccinated three months after infection, which is beneficial to provide better protection for people with high risk of severe illness and death in the subsequent epidemic.

There are many technical routes in China, and Covid-19 vaccine has been approved for use one after another. The results show that sequential immunization can provide more comprehensive protection for individuals.

　　People’s Daily (13th edition, October 15th, 2022)

　　Realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is the greatest dream of the Chinese nation in modern times. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has United and led the whole party and the people of all ethnic groups to be self-confident, self-reliant and innovative, promoted historic achievements and changes in the cause of the party and the country, created great achievements of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, successfully promoted and expanded Chinese modernization, and realized the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, which has entered an irreversible historical process. This issue of the observation edition focuses on the great changes in the new era in the past 10 years, which is a milestone in the history of the development of the Chinese nation.

　　——编 　者

　　在中华民族发展史上具有里程碑意义（深入学习贯彻最高领袖新时代中国特色社会主义思想）

　　陈 晋

　　实现中华民族伟大复兴是中华民族近代以来最伟大的梦想。一百多年来，中国共产党团结带领中国人民在奋力推进中华民族伟大复兴的历史进程中，书写了中华民族几千年历史上最恢宏的史诗。新时代10年的伟大变革，丰富和续写了这部史诗的精彩华章，在中华民族发展史上具有里程碑意义。

　　全面建成小康社会，中华民族伟大复兴迈出了关键一步

　　“小康”反映了中国先人对美好生活的向往和追求。在我国历史上，虽然也出现过一些“治世”“盛世”，但与漫长的古代史比起来毕竟稀少且短暂，中国古代社会长期的基本面仍是民生多艰。近代以来，在帝国主义和封建主义压迫下，“小康”愿望只能存在于人民的梦想之中。直到中国共产党诞生后，在党的领导下，中国人民顽强拼搏，历经几代人接续奋斗，从“小康之家”到“小康社会”，从“总体小康”到“全面小康”，从“全面建设”到“全面建成”，小康目标不断实现，小康梦想才终成现实。

　　?

　　Building a well-off society in an all-round way and realizing the goal of the first century-long struggle mean that the Chinese nation’s vision of "the people can stop working and live a well-off life" has become a reality for thousands of years. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Building a well-off society in an all-round way is our strategic goal at this stage, and it is also a key step to realize the Chinese nation’s great rejuvenation of the Chinese dream." The 13th Five-Year Plan period is the decisive stage for building a well-off society in an all-round way. By the end of the 13th Five-Year Plan, China’s economic strength, scientific and technological strength, comprehensive national strength and people’s living standards have leapt to a new level, with a GDP of over 100 trillion yuan, a per capita GDP of over 10,000 US dollars, an urbanization rate of over 60% and a middle-income group of over 400 million people, which has created favorable conditions for us to build a socialist modern country in an all-round way and March towards the goal of the second century.

　　Successfully promote and expand Chinese modernization, and promote the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese modernization.

　　实现现代化是近代以来世界各国特别是发展中国家孜孜以求的目标。新中国成立后特别是改革开放以来，围绕实现什么样的现代化、怎样实现现代化这一重大课题，党领导人民进行了长期探索和实践。党的十八大以来，最高领袖总书记深刻回答建设什么样的社会主义现代化强国、怎样建设社会主义现代化强国这一重大时代课题，进一步描绘了中国式现代化道路的新图景，成功推进和拓展了中国式现代化。

　　中国式现代化的成功推进和拓展告诉人们一个深刻道理：通向现代化的道路不止一条，世界上既不存在定于一尊的现代化模式，也不存在放之四海而皆准的现代化标准。独特的文化传统、独特的历史命运、独特的基本国情，注定了中国必然要推进适合自己特点的现代化。

　　中国式现代化，是中国共产党领导的、坚持以人民为中心的社会主义现代化：中国式现代化既是发展道路，也是前进方向；既是中华民族伟大复兴的实现方式，也是中华民族发展史上令人鼓舞的奋斗目标；既有各国现代化的共同特征，更有基于国情的中国特色；既不是其他国家社会主义实践的再版，也不是国外现代化发展的翻版；既不走封闭僵化的老路，也不走改旗易帜的邪路，而是坚持在中国特色社会主义道路上实现现代化。

　　The modernization we are promoting has the characteristics of China and conforms to the reality of China. Chinese-style modernization is a modernization with a huge population scale. More than 1.4 billion people, more than the total population of developed countries and regions in the world, have stepped into a modern society. Its development task is heavy, its coordination is difficult and its potential advantages are strong. We must persist in putting the development of the country and the nation on the basis of our own strength and firmly hold the destiny of China’s development and progress in our own hands. Chinese-style modernization is the common prosperity of all the people, whether people-centered or capital-centered, whether all the people are common prosperity or a few people are rich, which is the fundamental difference between Chinese-style modernization and western modernization. In the 10 years of the new era, we have made great efforts to solve the regional gap, the urban-rural gap and the income distribution gap, and promoted the development achievements to benefit all the people more fairly, which reflects the unremitting pursuit of Chinese modernization in which the development achievements are shared by the people. Chinese-style modernization is a modernization in which material civilization and spiritual civilization are coordinated. We pursue the mutual promotion of national material and spiritual strength, the all-round enrichment of materials and the all-round development of people at the same time, and the people’s material life and spiritual life are both improved. Chinese-style modernization is the modernization of harmonious coexistence between man and nature. The CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core stands at the strategic height of the sustainable development of the Chinese nation, plans economic and social development from the height of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, further promotes the reform of ecological civilization system, and insists on harmonious coexistence between man and nature. Chinese-style modernization is a modernization that takes the road of peaceful development.Strive to build a world of lasting peace, universal security, common prosperity, openness, tolerance, cleanliness and beauty, and promote the building of a community of human destiny. In the 10 years of the new era, our understanding of Chinese modernization has been deepened, and our strategy has become more and more mature and our practice has become more and more abundant. Promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese modernization is not only correct and feasible, but also bound to be stable and good.

　　Starting a new journey of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way, the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation has shown unprecedented bright prospects.

　　一百多年来，中国共产党团结带领中国人民进行的一切奋斗、一切牺牲、一切创造，归结起来就是一个主题：实现中华民族伟大复兴。新时代10年，以最高领袖同志为核心的党中央领导全党全国各族人民砥砺前行，推动党和国家事业取得历史性成就、发生历史性变革，创造了新时代中国特色社会主义的伟大成就，中华民族迎来从站起来、富起来到强起来的伟大飞跃，实现中华民族伟大复兴进入了不可逆转的历史进程。

　　以最高领袖同志为核心的党中央对全面建成社会主义现代化强国作出战略部署，总的战略安排是分两步走：从2020年到2035年基本实现社会主义现代化；从2035年到本世纪中叶把我国建成富强民主文明和谐美丽的社会主义现代化强国。这一战略部署，擘画出中华民族伟大复兴的宏伟蓝图，既观照历史又指向未来，具有厚重的民族历史感和明确的时代方向感。即将召开的党的二十大，要对全面建成社会主义现代化强国两步走战略安排进行宏观展望，重点部署未来5年的战略任务和重大举措。未来5年是全面建设社会主义现代化国家开局起步的关键时期，搞好这5年的发展对于实现第二个百年奋斗目标至关重要。

　　After 10 years of hard work in the new era, the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation has entered an irreversible historical process. The CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core adheres to the organic unity of the party’s leadership, the people being the masters of the country and governing the country according to law, adheres to and improves the fundamental system, basic system and important system supporting the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system, strives to build a systematic, scientific and standardized system with effective operation, promotes the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system to be more mature and stereotyped, and continuously improves the modernization level of the national governance system and governance capacity, thus providing a more perfect institutional guarantee for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. The balance, coordination and sustainability of China’s economic development have been significantly enhanced, with GDP reaching 114 trillion yuan and per capita GDP exceeding 12,000 US dollars. China’s economy has embarked on a road of higher quality, more efficiency, fairer, more sustainable and safer development, providing a more solid material foundation for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. The Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era has achieved a new leap in the sinicization of Marxism, and scientifically guided the whole party and people of all nationalities to forge ahead in a new journey and build a new era. The cultural self-confidence of the whole party and people of all nationalities has been significantly enhanced, and the cohesion and centripetal force of the whole society have been greatly enhanced. The enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of the people of China have been further stimulated, and their ambition, backbone and emboldened spirit have been unprecedentedly enhanced. The spiritual strength of self-confidence and self-improvement has become a strategic favorable condition for China’s development and provided for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　今天，在全面建设社会主义现代化国家、向第二个百年奋斗目标进军的新征程上，我们比历史上任何时期都更接近、更有信心和能力实现中华民族伟大复兴的目标。中国共产党团结带领中国人民，焕发出前所未有的历史主动精神和历史创造精神，正信心百倍地书写中华民族发展史上新的辉煌篇章。

　　（作者为中央党史和文献研究院原院务委员）

　　民族复兴进入不可逆转的历史进程（观察者说）

　　段 妍

　　党的十八大以来，以最高领袖同志为核心的党中央团结带领全党全国各族人民自信自强、守正创新，创造了新时代中国特色社会主义的伟大成就，为实现中华民族伟大复兴提供了更为完善的制度保证、更为坚实的物质基础、更为主动的精神力量。

　　Ordering the people by the state is the right system. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has taken the improvement and development of the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system and the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity as the overall goal of comprehensively deepening the reform, pushed the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system to be more mature and stereotyped, and guaranteed the "rule of China" with the "China system". At the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, the general goal of comprehensively deepening reform was put forward. At the 19th CPC Congress, "Socialism with Chinese characteristics system must be adhered to and improved" was included in the basic strategy of adhering to and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, and it was proposed that by 2035, "all aspects of the system will be more perfect, and the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity will be basically realized". The Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee systematically described and deployed the "institutional map" of China’s governance for the first time in the history of the Party, and the system covering 13 aspects laid the institutional cornerstone of "China’s governance". In the 10 years of the new era, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, we have strengthened top-level design and overall planning, and continuously expanded the depth and breadth of comprehensive and deepening reform with system construction as the main line. More than 2,000 reform programs have been issued in various aspects, and historic changes, systematic remodeling and overall reconstruction have been achieved in many fields.The fundamental system supporting Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s system has been continuously established, the basic system has been improved, important systems have been continuously innovated, and the basic institutional framework in various fields has been basically established, achieving the goal of "by the centenary of the founding of our party, the system has achieved remarkable results in all aspects" and providing a more perfect institutional guarantee for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Facts have fully proved that the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system has obvious superiority and strong vitality.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "The Chinese dream of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is to achieve national prosperity, national rejuvenation and people’s happiness." The CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core adheres to the people-centered development thought, takes the people’s yearning for a better life as the goal, accurately grasps the new development stage, implements the new development concept completely, accurately and comprehensively, accelerates the construction of a new development pattern, and promotes high-quality development. Through the continuous struggle of the whole party and the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country, we have achieved the goal of the first century of struggle, built a well-off society in an all-round way on the land of China, historically solved the problem of absolute poverty, and written a great miracle in the history of human development. The balance, coordination and sustainability of China’s economic development have been significantly enhanced. The GDP has reached 114 trillion yuan, and the per capita GDP has exceeded 12,000 US dollars. The people’s lives have been significantly improved, and the world’s largest social security net has been woven. At the same time, the coordinated development of regional urban and rural areas presents a new situation, and the power source for high-quality development has been expanded. The resilience of economic development has been significantly enhanced. Facing the severe impact of the COVID-19 epidemic, China’s overall economic development and epidemic prevention and control have achieved the best results in the world. In high-tech fields such as quantum communication, iron-based superconductivity and manned space flight, a number of significant scientific and technological achievements &hellip have been achieved. … In the 10 years of the new era, China’s strategic measures, transformative practices, breakthrough progress and landmark achievements in economic construction,It has provided a more solid material foundation for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "The revival of a nation needs strong material strength as well as strong spiritual strength." The people have faith, the nation has hope and the country has strength. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has attached great importance to cultural construction, stimulated the cultural innovation and creativity of the whole nation, better built the spirit of China, the values of China and the strength of China, and consolidated the common ideological foundation for the United struggle of the whole party and people of all ethnic groups. The mental outlook of the people of the whole country has become more vigorous, and the spiritual building of the Chinese nation has stood tall. Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era is the latest achievement of Marxism in China, which is contemporary China Marxism and 21st century Marxism, and provides us with a powerful ideological weapon to understand and transform the world. Under the guidance of this important ideological science, the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation has gained unprecedented historical initiative and spiritual initiative. In the 10 years of the new era, the propaganda and ideological work has adhered to the guidance of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought, the supreme leader in the new era, firmly grasped the leadership of ideological work, persisted in making innovations at the same time, and made the whole party armed and educated the people with the party’s innovative theory, clearly opposed and resisted all kinds of wrong views, and built a socialist ideology with strong cohesion and leading power; The construction of spiritual civilization is guided by cultural people and socialist core values, and it pays attention to using advanced socialist culture, revolutionary culture and Chinese excellent traditional culture to cast souls, enlighten wisdom and moisten the heart, and deepen the creation of mass spiritual civilization.建设新时代文明实践中心，不断丰富人民精神世界、增强人民精神力量，广泛凝聚起中华儿女同心同德的磅礴伟力；注重加强理想信念教育和爱国主义教育，深入开展党史学习教育、“四史”宣传教育，推动革命文化与红色基因的传承，大力弘扬以伟大建党精神为源头的中国共产党人精神谱系，中国人的志气、骨气、底气空前增强，历史主动精神和历史创造精神不断焕发，为实现中华民族伟大复兴提供了更为主动的精神力量。当前，中国人民正以昂扬饱满的精神状态奋进新征程、建功新时代，中华民族正以不可逆转之势迈向伟大复兴。

　　（作者为东北师范大学马克思主义学部教授）

　　实现理论和实践上的创新突破

　　以中国式现代化推进中华民族伟大复兴

　　谢 慧

　　实现现代化是近代以来中华民族孜孜以求的梦想。最高领袖总书记在省部级主要领导干部专题研讨班上的重要讲话中指出：“在新中国成立特别是改革开放以来的长期探索和实践基础上，经过党的十八大以来在理论和实践上的创新突破，我们成功推进和拓展了中国式现代化。”新时代10年，以最高领袖同志为核心的党中央不断把中国式现代化推向前进，实现中华民族伟大复兴进入了不可逆转的历史进程。

　　?

　　Firmly grasp the correct direction of Chinese modernization. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "There is neither a model of modernization fixed on one statue nor a universal standard of modernization in the world." Chinese-style modernization is socialist modernization, which breaks the myth that modernization can only be achieved by following the capitalist modernization model, overcomes the inherent disadvantages of capitalist modernization, provides a brand-new choice for modernization, and shows a bright future for the modernization of human society. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "China’s modernization is a modernization with a huge population, a modernization of common prosperity for all people, a modernization of harmony between material civilization and spiritual civilization, a modernization of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, and a modernization of peaceful development." The important exposition of the Supreme Leader General Secretary has injected a distinct connotation of the times into the socialist modernization, profoundly revealing that Chinese modernization must proceed from the essential requirements of socialism and conform to the laws of socialist construction. The successful promotion and expansion of Chinese-style modernization shows the world that there is more than one road to modernization, and the key is to find the right direction, persevere and take our own road. Unswervingly advancing the historical process of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation requires a profound understanding of the essential attributes and fundamental requirements of Chinese-style modernization, and a clear understanding that Chinese-style modernization is rooted in the land of China, inherits Chinese civilization, conforms to the reality of China, has unique characteristics of China, and has created a new form of human civilization.

　　Adhere to the destiny of China’s development and progress firmly in their own hands. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "We must persist in promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese modernization, neither taking the old road of being closed and rigid, nor taking the evil road of changing the flag. We must persist in putting the development of the country and the nation on the basis of our own strength and firmly holding the fate of China’s development and progress in our own hands." For more than a hundred years, our party has always insisted on taking its own path, doing its own thing well, unswervingly grasping the highest and fundamental interests of the Chinese nation, striving to achieve the set goals with the persistence of insisting that the green hills are not relaxed, and advancing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with the sober mind of those who walk a hundred miles. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has persisted in promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese modernization, focused on new practices and new developments with the aim of solving practical problems in China’s socialist modernization, and always stood at the forefront of the times and promoted Chinese modernization with a high level of strategic overall situation. No matter in theory or in practice, Chinese modernization has great and far-reaching significance in the history of the development of the Chinese nation, the history of world socialism and the history of human society. History tells us that no nation or country in human history can achieve strength and rejuvenation by relying on external forces, copying foreign models and following others step by step. On the new journey towards the goal of the second century,We should unite more closely around the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, adhere to the guidance of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, deeply understand the decisive significance of the "two establishment", further strengthen the "four consciousnesses", strengthen the "four self-confidences" and achieve the "two maintenance", persist in firmly holding the fate of China’s development and progress in our own hands, and strive to write a new chapter in building a socialist modern country in an all-round way.

　　(The author is the vice president of Hunan University of Science and Technology)

For the domestic new energy SUV, the polar fox Alpha T5 is like an all-round choice. Car companies have explored market segments and want to occupy a new energy SUV. However, if you want to seize the position in this game, you can’t just rely on brand awareness. The price, quality and quality of the product itself are the key to winning the market. Extreme Fox deeply studied the market demand, firmly grasped the pain points of consumers, and launched Extreme Fox Alpha T5, which stood out in this competition.

Extreme Fox Alpha T5 Healthy Cockpit
With the industry-leading medical-grade standards, Polar Fox has built a "healthy cockpit" of Polar Fox Alpha T5, which not only realizes the maternal and child-grade environment in terms of respiratory health, but also ensures that the formaldehyde concentration far exceeds the national standard and even exceeds the children’s room through the exclusive black technology materials and rigorous tests of Chinese Academy of Sciences. In terms of materials, more innovative developed antibacterial materials, which are safe and harmless without fear of high temperature, effectively killing 99.99% of bacteria, and at the same time introduced ultraviolet sterilization technology to ensure "zero formaldehyde and zero benzene" in the cockpit, and also screened 127 new materials of prohibited substances to build an electromagnetic safety defense line; Electromagnetic protection is equally excellent, and electromagnetic radiation is lower than that of mobile phones, so pregnant women don’t have to worry. Extreme Fox uses technology to protect the health of drivers and passengers, which proves that it is not only the industry leader in the field of in-vehicle health, but also the synonym of safety and health, making every trip a careful care.

Innovation of 800V High Voltage Overcharging Technology for Pure Electric Travel
The 800V high-voltage overcharge technology of Extreme Fox Alfa T5 enables it to supplement the mileage of 260 kilometers within 10 minutes of charging, greatly improving the convenience of pure trams. At the same time, high-voltage overcharge technology also reduces energy consumption and further improves vehicle economy. The 800V high-voltage overcharge technology of Extreme Fox Alfa T5 enables it to supplement the mileage of 260 kilometers within 10 minutes of charging, greatly improving the convenience of pure trams. At the same time, high-voltage overcharge technology also reduces energy consumption and further improves vehicle economy.
Excellent balance between price and endurance
Extreme Fox Alpha T5, as a new force in the new energy market, quickly attracted consumers’ attention with its accurate price positioning-155,800 to 199,800 yuan, and a high-end version of 160,000 yuan after the discount. This model is not only affordable, but also shows extraordinary strength in endurance, with a cruising range of up to 660 kilometers, which meets the needs of users for long-distance travel and truly realizes "worry-free travel". And its battery capacity of up to 79.2 degrees provides a solid guarantee for this excellent battery life.
Flexible spatial structure
The polar fox Alpha T5 has a good performance in the body size, and its internal space has been cleverly optimized. As an all-eugenic super pure electric new energy SUV, Alfa T5 has a length of 4690mm, a width of 1936mm, a height of 1650mm and a wheelbase of 2845 mm.. Moreover, the Extreme Fox Alpha T5 has an ultra-high occupancy rate of 69%, and the ratio of axle length is better. The interior space reaches 1793mm, the interior width reaches 1520mm, the interior height reaches 1260mm, and the backrest of the rear seat is adjustable by 30 degrees, leading the same class. In terms of storage, Alfa T5 can accommodate multiple suitcases at the same time, the back of the rear seat supports 4/6 reclining, and it can be extended to 1,546 L when connected with the trunk, which can accommodate multiple suitcases. The storage space in 21 places of the whole car includes warm and cold handboxes.
Perfect integration of intelligent technology and luxury configuration
Alfa T5, as a polar fox product, is also an all-eugenic super pure electric SUV model. It is built with IMC intelligent pure electric architecture platform and equipped with Qualcomm Snapdragon 8155 intelligent driving chip, and its intelligent hardware has reached the leading level in the industry. The car is equipped with a 15.6-inch high-definition large screen with a resolution of 1920*1080, which brings users the ultimate visual enjoyment. At the same time, the vehicle also integrates 22 sensor hardware, supports L2.5-level assisted driving, and realizes intelligent driving assistance functions such as automatic parking and adaptive cruise, making driving easier and more convenient.

Fine adjustment of chassis and NVH
In order to improve the comfort of the chassis, Alfa T5 adopts the design of the front McPherson rear independent suspension, which has a more delicate shock-absorbing effect. In terms of NVH, vehicles have made great efforts, and the application of advanced technologies such as full coverage bottom guard optimization and harmonic injection design has effectively suppressed the transmission of noise. The optimization of damping materials at the door also further reduces the radiation of wind noise and creates a quiet and comfortable driving environment for users.

On the whole, the arrival of Extreme Fox Alpha T5 has injected a shot in the arm into the high-end market. Coupled with the healthy interior atmosphere, this car has been pushed to a high level and is expected to become a benchmark at the same level. With the continuous development of the market, the polar fox Alpha T5 is expected to maintain its market position.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, September 18th Title: Keep writing new green mile — — Summary of achievements in ecological environment protection in the 75th anniversary of the founding of New China.

　　Xinhua News Agency reporter Gao Jing

　　Since the founding of New China 75 years ago, China has continuously deepened its understanding of the regularity of ecological civilization construction and promoted the harmonious coexistence between man and nature. Especially since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core regards the construction of ecological civilization as a fundamental plan related to the sustainable development of the Chinese nation, and plans to carry out a series of fundamental, pioneering and long-term work. The road of ecological civilization in China has become more and more determined and wider, and new green mile has been constantly written on the land of China.

　　Build up the ecological security barrier of the motherland

　　This summer, more than 30 acres of collective forest land in Hongqikou Village, along the Cangtou River in Youyu County, Shanxi Province, were shaded by trees. Visitors who came to camp set up tents and enjoyed the beauty of green ecology.

　　In the early days of the founding of New China, the afforestation rate of trees in Youyu County, which is located at the edge of Mu Us Desert, was less than 0.3%, and the people suffered from sandstorms. For more than 70 years, the cadres and masses in Youyu County have been planting trees continuously, and the greening rate of trees has increased to 57%, turning the "barren land" into an "oasis". In the past, the sandy land not only planted a piece of green shade, but also "planted" a good day for the local people.

　　In Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia, Horqin Sandy Land is gradually covered with green clothes. Xinhua News Agency reporter Lian Zhenshe

　　At the beginning of the founding of New China, the national forest coverage rate was only 8.6%, and sandstorms and soil erosion affected people’s production and life. In 1950s, the Party and the state attached great importance to greening construction and called for "greening the motherland".

　　In 1978, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council made a strategic decision to build a large-scale shelter forest in the key areas of northwest, north and northeast where sandstorm hazards and soil erosion occurred. It took 73 years to carry out the project in three stages and eight phases, and it was necessary to build a green Great Wall across Wan Li in the north of the motherland.

　　More than 40 projects in the "Three North" project area have completed afforestation of 480 million mu, and treated 1.28 billion mu of degraded grassland. The forest coverage rate has increased from 5.05% in 1978 to 13.84%, and the key control areas have realized a historic change from "sand entering people and retreating" to "green entering sand retreating".

　　At the same time, the natural forest protection project, the project of returning farmland to forests and grasslands, etc., have made the barren hills beautiful and the desert an oasis.

　　Nowadays, China has taken the lead in realizing "zero growth" of land degradation in the world, and "double reduction" of desertified land and desertified land area. China’s forest coverage rate has increased to 24.02%, becoming the main force of "greening" in the world.

　　Over the past 75 years, the relationship between man and nature has been constantly reshaped, and hundreds of millions of people have made unremitting efforts to build a beautiful home with mountains and rivers.

　　In order to facilitate children to study nature during the summer vacation, Dinghushan National Nature Reserve in Zhaoqing City, Guangdong Province has set up a natural education experience trail with the theme of "Little Scientists Growing Up" and a natural education exploration trail with the theme of "Natural Forests" this year, so that children can get closer to and understand nature.

　　Established in 1956, this nature reserve is the first nature reserve in China, which preserves a large area of virgin forest and protects biodiversity.

　　Since the founding of New China, China has gradually established nearly 10,000 nature reserves at all levels, including nature reserves, forest parks, scenic spots, natural heritage, geological parks and marine parks.

　　In the new era, China has continued to promote the protection and restoration of ecosystems, implemented 52 integrated protection and restoration projects of mountains, rivers, fields, lakes, grass and sand, solidly carried out land greening actions, promoted the ten-year ban on fishing in the Yangtze River, and promoted the protection and restoration of typical marine ecosystems.

　　Promoting the construction of a nature reserve system with national parks as the main body is an important deployment made by the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core. In 2013, the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee first proposed the establishment of a national park system, and now China is building the largest national park system in the world.

　　At present, 90% of China’s terrestrial ecosystem types and 74% of national key protected wildlife populations have been effectively protected, and people live in harmony with nature, and the ecological security barrier of the motherland has been continuously built.

　　The effectiveness of pollution prevention and control is increasingly evident.

　　September 7th is International Clean Air Blue Sky Day. In today’s capital, Beijing, people find that they can get "Beauty Blue" and "Comic Cloud" with a tap.

　　China’s achievements in improving air quality in recent years have been highly affirmed by the international community. In particular, Beijing’s air treatment has achieved remarkable results, and it has been praised as "Beijing Miracle" by the United Nations Environment Programme.

　　Looking back, China’s environmental protection started after the founding of New China, and officially kicked off in the 1970s. In 1973, the State Council held the first national conference on environmental protection, and ecological environmental protection began to be put on the national agenda.

　　Reform and opening up have stimulated the vitality of development, but while China’s rapid economic development has made great achievements, it has also accumulated a large number of ecological and environmental problems, which have become a pain for people’s livelihood and people’s hearts for a period of time.

　　From the establishment of environmental protection as the basic national policy, to the implementation of sustainable development strategy, and then to the construction of a resource-saving and environment-friendly society, the strategic position of ecological environmental protection has been continuously improved. In response to the challenge of ecological environment, the state has invested a lot of money and scientific research strength to focus on the treatment of Taihu Lake, Chaohu Lake and Dianchi Lake, and vigorously control pollution problems such as acid rain.

　　On August 12, 2024, the weather in Beijing was fine, and tourists photographed Beihai Park in the distance from Jingshan. Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Xin photo

　　Since the 18th CPC National Congress, the CPC Central Committee has led hundreds of millions of people to declare war on pollution.

　　In 2013, "Ten Atmospheric Articles" — — The Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan was issued. China became the first developing country in the world to carry out large-scale PM2.5 governance.

　　In cities, buses are no longer dragging "black tails", and new energy vehicles are speeding up; In rural areas, tens of millions of families in the northern region bid farewell to loose coal heating and use cleaner heating methods; In the factory, ultra-low emission transformation makes coal-fired power plants cleaner and builds the world’s largest clean coal-fired power generation base … …

　　After continuous efforts, there were 203 cities with air quality standards nationwide in 2023, accounting for about 60%. Blue sky and white clouds have become the norm, and China has become the country with the fastest improvement in air quality in the world.

　　In 2022, the total investment in environmental pollution control in China reached 901.4 billion yuan, compared with only 2.5 billion to 3 billion yuan per year in the early 1980s.

　　The landscape of rivers and lakes has been fundamentally improved, and the proportion of excellent surface water quality sections has approached the level of developed countries. In 2023, the main stream of the Yangtze River and the main stream of the Yellow River maintained Grade II water quality for four consecutive years.

　　Soil environmental risks are effectively controlled, and homes are healthier and better. Promote the classification of domestic waste, improve the centralized collection and treatment capacity of urban and rural domestic waste, reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and achieve the goal of "zero import" of solid waste as scheduled.

　　The sky is bluer, the water is clearer, the ground is cleaner, the quality of the ecological environment continues to improve, and the people’s sense of gain, happiness and security are constantly enhanced.

　　The system of policies and systems for eco-environmental protection has been continuously improved.

　　On September 10th this year, the draft national park law was first submitted to the the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) meeting for deliberation. This is the first time that China has made special legislation on national parks at the national level.

　　The legal system is an important force to protect green mountains and rivers. After decades of exploration, the legal system of ecological environmental protection and the institutional system of "four beams and eight pillars" of ecological civilization in Socialism with Chinese characteristics have basically taken shape.

　　From 1978, when "the state protects the environment and natural resources, and prevents pollution and other public hazards" was written into the Constitution for the first time, to the adoption of the Environmental Protection Law in 1989, the ecological environment protection work gradually entered the track of legalization.

　　In the 21st century, the state has promulgated a series of environmental protection laws, natural resources laws, environmental protection administrative regulations, environmental protection department regulations and normative documents, local environmental regulations and local government regulations.

　　In 2023, the staff of Hechang Studio in Xinqiao Community, jinniu district, Chengdu, Sichuan visited Fuhe River. Xinhua News Agency reporter Jiang Hongjing photo

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee has demanded that the ecological environment be protected by the strictest system and the strictest rule of law, and the system of ecological environmental protection policies and systems has been continuously improved.

　　Formulate and revise the environmental protection law and more than 30 eco-environmental laws and regulations. In particular, the Environmental Protection Law revised in 2014 introduced measures such as continuous daily fines, seizure and seizure, limited production and production, administrative detention and public interest litigation, and was rated as the "strictest environmental protection law in history". Nowadays, the legal system of eco-environmental protection has covered pollution prevention and control fields such as atmosphere, water, soil and noise, as well as important ecosystems and elements such as the Yangtze River, wetlands and black land, and the legal system of eco-environment has been improved.

　　We will issue and implement the Opinions on Accelerating the Construction of Ecological Civilization, the Overall Plan for the Reform of Ecological Civilization System and dozens of specific reform plans, and gradually establish basic systems such as the property right system of natural resources assets, the system for the development and protection of national territory and space, the system for overall resource management and conservation, the system for paid use of resources and ecological compensation, the system for environmental governance and ecological protection market, the system for performance evaluation and accountability of ecological civilization, and the nature of ecological civilization is "four beams and eight pillars".

　　Firmly grasp the "bull’s nose" of the responsibility system, establish and implement systems such as evaluation and assessment of the objectives of ecological civilization construction, assessment of the effectiveness of the tough battle against pollution, audit of the departure of leading cadres’ natural resources assets, system of long rivers and lakes, system of long forests, lifelong investigation of responsibility for ecological environmental damage, compensation for ecological environmental damage, etc. The responsibility system in which party Committee leaders, governments lead, enterprises, social organizations and the public participate is more rigorous and sound, and the consciousness and initiative of the whole party and the whole country to promote ecological civilization construction is constantly enhanced.

　　People live up to the castle peak, and the castle peak will live up to people. The Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee made important arrangements for deepening the reform of the ecological civilization system. Under the guidance of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, we will anchor the goal of building a beautiful China, persevere and make contributions for a long time, and we will surely write a new green mile.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, October 20-Rising Threat Intelligence Center has recently captured a new variant of the stealing Trojan virus.

　　This latest variant virus of AgentTesla Stealing Trojan spreads through phishing emails, inducing users to decompress and run the Trojan virus in the attachment, so as to collect user’s browser, email, FTP, VPN, instant messaging and other software account passwords, as well as screen shots, keyboard keystrokes and other information.

　　According to Rising security experts, the predecessor of AgentTesla virus is a commercial keyboard recorder. In the past few years, it has changed from a keyboard recorder to an out-and-out stealing Trojan virus.

　　In addition to stealing secrets, the latest variant of AgentTesla can also counter the static scanning of security protection software, that is, it tries to bypass the static scanning through code confusion, data encryption and other means, which hinders the security personnel from analyzing its samples.

　　Rising security experts said that the latest variant of AgentTesla was delivered to the user’s mailbox by phishing email, hidden in the Zip attached to the email, and disguised as the default icon of the Word document, so as to entice the user to decompress and run. Once the virus is run, it will replicate itself, set the registry self-startup item, then collect the user’s browser, email client, screen shots, record keyboard keystrokes and other information, and finally send it back to the attacker’s mailbox by email.

　　According to Rising Company, it is found that some domestic enterprises have been attacked by this virus. Rising reminds users not to open suspicious files; Deploy gateway security products such as network security situation awareness and early warning system; Install effective antivirus software to intercept and kill malicious documents and Trojan viruses; Install system patches and important software patches in time.

　　Since December 2016, the pensions that the capital market has been looking forward to have been "starting" one after another, and have been entrusted to operate for nearly three years.

　　By the end of September, the governments of 18 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) had signed entrusted investment contracts for basic old-age insurance funds with the National Social Security Fund Council, with a total contract value of 966 billion yuan, of which 799.2 billion yuan had been received and started to invest.

　　This latest set of data has heated up the topic of "entering the market" for pensions again. For the performance of "entering the market" in the past three years, the reporter of "Workers Daily" has been interviewing many experts recently. They said that as an important means to maintain and increase the value of pensions, the pace of pension investment and operation has gone steady. This is normal despite short-term fluctuations due to the influence of the capital market. At the same time, there is still much room for growth in the future.

　　The income is nearly 20 billion yuan.

　　The reporter found out that at the end of 2018, the first quarter, the second quarter and the third quarter of this year, the funds received by the entrusted operation of pensions were 605 billion yuan, 624.869 billion yuan, 706.2 billion yuan and 799.2 billion yuan respectively. Compared with the working capital received in the three quarters of this year, it increased by about 19.9 billion yuan, 81.3 billion yuan and 93 billion yuan respectively.

　　Fang Lianquan, Secretary-General of the World Social Security Research Center of China Academy of Social Sciences, thinks that it means that the pension "entering the market" is steadily advancing, the scale is constantly expanding, and the pace is accelerated, which is linked to the reduction of social security fees this year. "After the fee reduction, it is necessary to increase the income of social security funds through multiple channels. Investing in and operating the basic endowment insurance fund is one of the channels, which is conducive to maintaining and increasing the value of the fund. "

　　After the implementation of the comprehensive fee reduction plan in May this year, Nie Mingjuan, director of the Department of Endowment Insurance of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, said recently that local implementation is relatively in place, and all provinces with pension insurance unit rates higher than 16% have dropped to 16%. By the end of September, the total cost reduction of enterprise pension insurance, unemployment insurance and industrial injury insurance was 272.5 billion yuan.

　　According to the Measures for the Administration of Investment in Basic Endowment Insurance Funds promulgated in August 2015, provincial governments, as the trustors of entrusted investment in pension funds, can determine the specific investment amount and entrust investment operation after reserving certain payment fees in combination with the balance of local pension funds.

　　So, what are the benefits? Judging from the 2018 annual report on the entrusted operation of the basic old-age insurance fund published by the National Social Security Fund Council, as of the end of 2018, the Social Security Fund has signed entrusted investment contracts with 17 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), all of which are guaranteed for a period of five years, with a cumulative investment income of 18.683 billion yuan.

　　"Pension ‘ Entering the market ’ After that, the steps went more steadily. " Lu Quan, secretary-general of China Social Security Society and associate professor of Renmin University of China, told the reporter that the basic old-age insurance is a pay-as-you-go system. It is necessary to clarify whether the pension invested is a balance of the overall account or a personal account. "If it is a personal account balance, the rate of return should be able to outperform the wage growth rate and inflation rate."

　　Don’t panic, it’s fluctuation, not decline.

　　Since it was commissioned to operate, the reporter noted that in 2018, the investment return rate of the basic old-age insurance fund was 2.56%, which was 2.67% lower than that of 5.23% in 2017.

　　Why is it falling? For this question thrown by the reporter, Fang Lianquan made a revision of the statement, "It is a fluctuation, not a decline. Investment operation is a market behavior, and short-term fluctuations are inevitable. "

　　In fact, for the 2.56% earnings report card, many interviewed experts analyzed it as normal market performance.

　　"Last year, the overall operation of the capital market was not very prosperous, which had a great impact on basic pension investment. Overall, the income of 2.56% last year was still normal. " Dong Keyong, secretary-general of the 50-member Forum on China’s Pension Finance, told reporters that there is a certain period in the investment and operation of the basic pension insurance fund, and its assessment and evaluation should focus on the long-term perspective, rather than paying too much attention to the short-term rate of return.

　　Regarding the fluctuation of the rate of return, Lu Quan told reporters that this also shows that the capital market is uncertain and there are systemic risks including increasing downward pressure on the economy and fluctuations in the capital market. Therefore, in the long run, he believes that it is necessary to establish a risk hedging mechanism. "When some European and American countries invest in operating pensions, they mostly smooth the average rate of return for 20 or 30 years to avoid systemic risks."

　　It is worth noting that many people have misunderstandings about the market-oriented operation of pensions. In fact, it is not "stock trading", but a diversified investment portfolio, which fights inflation, maintains value and increases value, covering more than 20 investment products. The proportion of investment in stocks, stock funds, mixed funds and stock-based pension products shall not exceed 30% of the net asset value of the fund.

　　In response to people’s concern about whether "entering the market" will affect pension benefits, Fang Lianquan pointed out that the investment and operation of basic pensions are not directly linked to individual pension benefits, and the amount of personal pensions is based on relevant pension calculation and payment methods. If you make money, the total amount of the fund will increase, and you will be more able to guarantee payment, with more balances and stronger sustainability.

　　There is a lot of room for future increment.

　　Judging from the latest bill of pensions, from January to July this year, the income and expenditure of the basic old-age insurance fund for enterprise employees nationwide were 2.2 trillion yuan, with a balance of more than 200 billion yuan and a cumulative balance of about 5 trillion yuan. Compared with the accumulated balance, the proportion of local contracted entrusted investment is still less than 20%. In this regard, Fang Lianquan believes that it is necessary to increase efforts to promote fund collection and expand the scale of entrusted investment.

　　In the future, there is a large space for pension investment. Wang Wenling, vice chairman of the National Social Security Fund Council, pointed out, "At the end of 2018, the balance of basic old-age insurance reached more than 5 trillion yuan, and the balance in Guangdong Province was 1 trillion yuan. Now it is entrusted to invest 100 billion yuan. Beijing has a balance of 200 billion yuan. It can be seen that there is still much room for improvement in the proportion of investment funds for basic endowment insurance funds. "

　　The reporter learned that nearly 800 billion yuan of investment has come from the basic old-age insurance managed by the government, which is the "first pillar" in China’s current old-age insurance system. With the increasing pressure of pension payment brought by the aging development, the state has made continuous efforts to build the "second pillar" of the old-age insurance system, namely enterprise annuity and occupational annuity, and the "third pillar" of personal savings pension insurance and commercial pension insurance, and gradually promoted the improvement of the three-pillar old-age insurance system.

　　"Pension ‘ Entering the market ’ In fact, it is a comprehensive concept, including one, two and three pillars of investment funds. " Dong Keyong predicted that the investment funds of the first pillar in the future will still follow the principle of prudence and maintain reasonable growth. In the short term, the "market entry" funds of the second and third pillars cannot surpass the "market entry" funds of the first pillar for the time being. However, with the development and perfection of the pension system in China, the space for the pension to enter the market is actually in the "fund plate" of the second and third pillars.

　　Lu Quan agreed with this view. He believes that among the three pillars, the first pillar of basic old-age insurance should adhere to pay-as-you-go and realize mutual assistance among all workers, while the second pillar and the third pillar adopt a complete accumulation system, and this part of accumulated funds should be invested more in the capital market to maintain and increase the value on the premise of ensuring the safety of the fund.

　　In addition, on October 30th, the website of the Ministry of Finance published the Letter of the Ministry of Finance on the Proposal No.0613 (Finance and Taxation No.038) of the Second Session of the 13th CPPCC National Committee. In the reply letter, the Ministry of Finance pointed out that with the gradual maturity of the market and the gradual enrichment of the experience of individual investors, more and more annuity plans will give individual investment options.

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