Food, clothing, housing and transportation are the basic needs of life, among which "living" is regarded as just needed by many people. These two days, there was an interesting meeting, which was closely related to "living".

　　The video and telephone conference on accelerating the development of affordable rental housing and further improving the regulation of the real estate market held on the 22nd reiterated that the house should be used for living, not for speculation, and the real estate should not be used as a short-term means to stimulate the economy.

　　The positioning of "staying in the house and not speculating" continued to consolidate, which made many people eat "reassuring".

　　The picture shows a commercial house near Madang Road in Shanghai. Xinhua News Agency reporter Chen Fei photo

　　Whether buying a house, renting a house or building a house, it is inseparable from money. Therefore, real estate finance is a key link in the implementation of "housing without speculation".

　　In recent years, China has accelerated the establishment and improvement of a long-term mechanism for real estate financial management, especially under the guidance of the "three lines and four files" rule and the real estate loan concentration management system, many housing enterprises have become more cautious and self-disciplined, and the concentration of real estate loans and personal housing loans of banking financial institutions has steadily decreased.

　　In June, the sales price increase of commercial housing in 70 large and medium-sized cities showed a steady and declining trend as a whole; At the same time, at the end of June, the growth rate of RMB real estate loans in China dropped by 2.2 percentage points from the end of last year.

　　It can be seen that the regulatory policies, including real estate financial policies, have been effective, the real estate credit environment in some cities has changed, and the price increase has stabilized.

　　What is the "sharp weapon" that can make regulation so immediate? How do the "three lines and four gears" rule and the real estate loan concentration management system play a role? Come and get to know it.

　　To promote the stable and healthy development of the real estate market, first of all, real estate enterprises need to be healthy. However, some real estate enterprises are greedy for perfection and blindly expand, and the financial indicators of core operations are "red light", which also leads to the phenomenon of high leverage and high debt in the real estate industry.

　　In order to enhance the marketization, regularity and transparency of financing for real estate enterprises, in August last year, the People’s Bank of China, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and relevant departments formed the fund monitoring and financing management rules for key real estate enterprises, that is, the "three lines and four files" rules.

　　The "three lines" are actually "three red lines", which specifically refer to: the asset-liability ratio is greater than 70%, the net debt ratio is greater than 100%, and the cash short-term debt ratio is less than 1 times after excluding advance payments.

　　According to the situation of stepping on the line, real estate enterprises are divided into four grades: red, orange, yellow and green: the scale of interest-bearing liabilities of "red-file" enterprises cannot be higher than the existing level; The annual growth rate of interest-bearing liabilities of "orange file" enterprises shall not exceed 5%; "Yellow file" enterprises shall not exceed 10%; "Green file" enterprises shall not exceed 15%.

　　With a clear "three lines and four gears", housing enterprises must meet the corresponding requirements and constantly optimize financial indicators if they want to raise funds. This is equivalent to a "physical examination" of the financial health of housing enterprises to help them better improve their financial management.

　　Behind health is self-discipline. When the financing behavior of housing enterprises is more prudent and self-disciplined, the overall operation tends to be stable. Having tasted the sweetness, more and more real estate enterprises have joined the ranks of "self-discipline". At the beginning of the pilot, the central bank selected 12 representative real estate enterprises as the pilot targets, and at the beginning of this year it expanded to 30 real estate enterprises with large debts.

　　Zou Lan, director of the Financial Market Department of the People’s Bank of China, said that the "three-line and four-gear" rule is effective from the situation and reactions from all walks of life in the past year. The three core operating financial indicators of the pilot enterprises, namely, asset-liability ratio, net debt ratio and short-term cash debt ratio, have obviously improved, and the debt scale has steadily declined. Many other real estate enterprises outside the pilot also actively benchmark the rules and optimize their own business practices.

　　The picture shows a qionghai city resident passing by an advertising slogan in front of a bank. Xinhua news agency

　　In addition to keeping an eye on the demand side, financing management cannot ignore the supply side. In addition to monitoring and managing the liabilities of housing enterprises, the People’s Bank of China also strengthens the management of banking financial institutions — — Formulate the management system of real estate loan concentration.

　　The system sets "two red lines" for the balance of real estate loans and the balance of personal housing loans for different types and sizes of banking institutions. The former ranges from 40% to 12.5%, while the latter ranges from 32.5% to 7.5%.

　　As the saying goes, eggs can’t be put in one basket. Bank credit should also focus on structural optimization, which is not only related to the risk of the institution itself, but also of great significance to the healthy and steady development of the whole economy.

　　Since the implementation of the system, the concentration of real estate loans and personal housing loans of banking financial institutions has steadily decreased. The data shows that at the end of June, the growth rate of China’s real estate development loan balance and personal housing loan balance dropped by 3.3 and 1.6 percentage points respectively compared with the end of the previous year.

　　In Zou Lan’s view, while the real estate loan business is subject to certain constraints, commercial banks have put more energy into supporting small and micro, "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" and other weak economic links, while the proportion of loans in key areas such as manufacturing and technological innovation has been improved.

　　The data shows that at the end of June, the balance of China’s Pratt & Whitney small and micro loans increased by 31% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 18.7 percentage points higher than that of various loans in the same period; The balance of medium and long-term loans in manufacturing industry increased by 41.6% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 16.9 percentage points higher than the same period of last year.

　　The People’s Bank of China said that the next step will continue to adhere to the positioning that houses are used for living, not for speculation, implement a long-term real estate mechanism, constantly improve the "three lines and four files" rules and the centralized management system of real estate loans, do a good job in policy implementation, improve the resilience and stability of the financial system, and promote the balanced development of finance, real estate and the real economy.

　　To firmly grasp the key of real estate finance, we must continue to strictly implement the "sharp weapon" of regulation and control, manage the supply and demand ends of real estate finance, and make the regulation and control policies more precise, which will not only accurately crack down on real estate speculation, but also better meet the needs. (Reporter Wu Yu)

　　Quanjiao County Water Conservancy Bureau set up a temporary pumping station to reserve source water for city and county waterworks. Quanjiao county news ketu

　　This year, Quanjiao County, Anhui Province suffered a once-in-60-year drought, and the water level of Huanglishu Reservoir continued to decline. Recently, the Chuzhou Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters issued the opinion of "Diversing the River into the Chu River", and the Quanjiao County Water Conservancy Bureau diverted water to fight drought.

　　Yuan Changqing, director of the Water Conservancy Bureau of Quanjiao County, said, "The so-called diversion of the Yangtze River into the Weihe River means that the Yangtze River water is first introduced into the Weihe River, and it is sent up by the four-stage pumping station we set up, and finally the water is sent to the second water plant in Quanjiao County and the third water plant in Chuzhou City."

　　Overlooking Huanglishu Reservoir in Quanjiao County, Anhui Province, a large area of water surface has dried up to the bottom. Quanjiao county news ketu

　　The Paper learned from the news department of Quanjiao County that the total rainfall in the six months before and after the flood season was 372 mm, which was more than 50% less than the average of 715 mm in the same period of many years. The total storage capacity of 104 reservoirs and ponds in the county was 60% less than that in the same period of last year, and the bottom water was seriously insufficient. In particular, the water storage capacity of Huanglishu Reservoir, Machang Reservoir and Sanwan Reservoir is seriously insufficient.

　　It is reported that the main forms of decentralized water supply in this county are shallow well water and mountain spring water. The continuous drought has caused the well water and mountain spring water in some remote mountainous areas of this county to dry up, which has caused difficulties for drinking water for 626 villagers in local towns such as Machang Town and Shizi Town.

　　At 10: 00 am on November 9, Anhui Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters upgraded the emergency response level of drought relief to level III.

　　Huanglishu Reservoir in July 2019. Photo courtesy of Shen Guo, Chief of the News Section of Quanjiao County

　　According to the information department of the county, since October, the water level of Huanglishu Reservoir, which is called "Quanjiao People’s Water Tank" in the county, has been continuously declining, resulting in the shortage of water supply for nearly 700,000 urban residents and rural population in Chuzhou and Quanjiao County.

　　Xiwang Water Plant in this county has been taking water from Daishan Lake, but it can’t get water because of the low water level in Daishan Lake. Liu Guoxiang, the person in charge of Xiwang Waterworks, said, "30,000 people are facing waterless drinking, and we are in a hurry. The county water conservancy department coordinated the water conservancy department of Feidong County and gave us an earth dam more than 80 meters long and more than 30 meters wide in the lower reaches of Daishan Lake, which solved our water intake problem."

　　On October 18th, Chuzhou City issued the "Implementation Opinions on Water Diversion from River to Chuhe", and the county started the emergency water diversion work.

　　The head of the news department of Quanjiao County told The Paper that the emergency water replenishment plan for the Quanjiao section of "Diversion from the River to the Chu River" will cost about 14 million yuan, and it is expected that the project will come into play in late November.

　　According to Xinhua News Agency, it was learned from the office of Anhui Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters on November 12th that Anhui Province is suffering from the worst drought in summer and autumn in recent 40 years. 1452 reservoirs in the province dried up. Anhui province has sent more than 30 working groups to guide grass-roots drought relief.