The great changes in the new era in the past 10 years are of milestone significance in the history of the development of the Chinese nation.

　　People’s Daily (13th edition, October 15th, 2022)

　　Realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is the greatest dream of the Chinese nation in modern times. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has United and led the whole party and the people of all ethnic groups to be self-confident, self-reliant and innovative, promoted historic achievements and changes in the cause of the party and the country, created great achievements of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, successfully promoted and expanded Chinese modernization, and realized the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, which has entered an irreversible historical process. This issue of the observation edition focuses on the great changes in the new era in the past 10 years, which is a milestone in the history of the development of the Chinese nation.

　　——编 　者

　　在中华民族发展史上具有里程碑意义（深入学习贯彻最高领袖新时代中国特色社会主义思想）

　　陈 晋

　　实现中华民族伟大复兴是中华民族近代以来最伟大的梦想。一百多年来，中国共产党团结带领中国人民在奋力推进中华民族伟大复兴的历史进程中，书写了中华民族几千年历史上最恢宏的史诗。新时代10年的伟大变革，丰富和续写了这部史诗的精彩华章，在中华民族发展史上具有里程碑意义。

　　全面建成小康社会，中华民族伟大复兴迈出了关键一步

　　“小康”反映了中国先人对美好生活的向往和追求。在我国历史上，虽然也出现过一些“治世”“盛世”，但与漫长的古代史比起来毕竟稀少且短暂，中国古代社会长期的基本面仍是民生多艰。近代以来，在帝国主义和封建主义压迫下，“小康”愿望只能存在于人民的梦想之中。直到中国共产党诞生后，在党的领导下，中国人民顽强拼搏，历经几代人接续奋斗，从“小康之家”到“小康社会”，从“总体小康”到“全面小康”，从“全面建设”到“全面建成”，小康目标不断实现，小康梦想才终成现实。

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　　Building a well-off society in an all-round way and realizing the goal of the first century-long struggle mean that the Chinese nation’s vision of "the people can stop working and live a well-off life" has become a reality for thousands of years. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Building a well-off society in an all-round way is our strategic goal at this stage, and it is also a key step to realize the Chinese nation’s great rejuvenation of the Chinese dream." The 13th Five-Year Plan period is the decisive stage for building a well-off society in an all-round way. By the end of the 13th Five-Year Plan, China’s economic strength, scientific and technological strength, comprehensive national strength and people’s living standards have leapt to a new level, with a GDP of over 100 trillion yuan, a per capita GDP of over 10,000 US dollars, an urbanization rate of over 60% and a middle-income group of over 400 million people, which has created favorable conditions for us to build a socialist modern country in an all-round way and March towards the goal of the second century.

　　Successfully promote and expand Chinese modernization, and promote the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese modernization.

　　实现现代化是近代以来世界各国特别是发展中国家孜孜以求的目标。新中国成立后特别是改革开放以来，围绕实现什么样的现代化、怎样实现现代化这一重大课题，党领导人民进行了长期探索和实践。党的十八大以来，最高领袖总书记深刻回答建设什么样的社会主义现代化强国、怎样建设社会主义现代化强国这一重大时代课题，进一步描绘了中国式现代化道路的新图景，成功推进和拓展了中国式现代化。

　　中国式现代化的成功推进和拓展告诉人们一个深刻道理：通向现代化的道路不止一条，世界上既不存在定于一尊的现代化模式，也不存在放之四海而皆准的现代化标准。独特的文化传统、独特的历史命运、独特的基本国情，注定了中国必然要推进适合自己特点的现代化。

　　中国式现代化，是中国共产党领导的、坚持以人民为中心的社会主义现代化：中国式现代化既是发展道路，也是前进方向；既是中华民族伟大复兴的实现方式，也是中华民族发展史上令人鼓舞的奋斗目标；既有各国现代化的共同特征，更有基于国情的中国特色；既不是其他国家社会主义实践的再版，也不是国外现代化发展的翻版；既不走封闭僵化的老路，也不走改旗易帜的邪路，而是坚持在中国特色社会主义道路上实现现代化。

　　The modernization we are promoting has the characteristics of China and conforms to the reality of China. Chinese-style modernization is a modernization with a huge population scale. More than 1.4 billion people, more than the total population of developed countries and regions in the world, have stepped into a modern society. Its development task is heavy, its coordination is difficult and its potential advantages are strong. We must persist in putting the development of the country and the nation on the basis of our own strength and firmly hold the destiny of China’s development and progress in our own hands. Chinese-style modernization is the common prosperity of all the people, whether people-centered or capital-centered, whether all the people are common prosperity or a few people are rich, which is the fundamental difference between Chinese-style modernization and western modernization. In the 10 years of the new era, we have made great efforts to solve the regional gap, the urban-rural gap and the income distribution gap, and promoted the development achievements to benefit all the people more fairly, which reflects the unremitting pursuit of Chinese modernization in which the development achievements are shared by the people. Chinese-style modernization is a modernization in which material civilization and spiritual civilization are coordinated. We pursue the mutual promotion of national material and spiritual strength, the all-round enrichment of materials and the all-round development of people at the same time, and the people’s material life and spiritual life are both improved. Chinese-style modernization is the modernization of harmonious coexistence between man and nature. The CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core stands at the strategic height of the sustainable development of the Chinese nation, plans economic and social development from the height of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, further promotes the reform of ecological civilization system, and insists on harmonious coexistence between man and nature. Chinese-style modernization is a modernization that takes the road of peaceful development.Strive to build a world of lasting peace, universal security, common prosperity, openness, tolerance, cleanliness and beauty, and promote the building of a community of human destiny. In the 10 years of the new era, our understanding of Chinese modernization has been deepened, and our strategy has become more and more mature and our practice has become more and more abundant. Promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese modernization is not only correct and feasible, but also bound to be stable and good.

　　Starting a new journey of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way, the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation has shown unprecedented bright prospects.

　　一百多年来，中国共产党团结带领中国人民进行的一切奋斗、一切牺牲、一切创造，归结起来就是一个主题：实现中华民族伟大复兴。新时代10年，以最高领袖同志为核心的党中央领导全党全国各族人民砥砺前行，推动党和国家事业取得历史性成就、发生历史性变革，创造了新时代中国特色社会主义的伟大成就，中华民族迎来从站起来、富起来到强起来的伟大飞跃，实现中华民族伟大复兴进入了不可逆转的历史进程。

　　以最高领袖同志为核心的党中央对全面建成社会主义现代化强国作出战略部署，总的战略安排是分两步走：从2020年到2035年基本实现社会主义现代化；从2035年到本世纪中叶把我国建成富强民主文明和谐美丽的社会主义现代化强国。这一战略部署，擘画出中华民族伟大复兴的宏伟蓝图，既观照历史又指向未来，具有厚重的民族历史感和明确的时代方向感。即将召开的党的二十大，要对全面建成社会主义现代化强国两步走战略安排进行宏观展望，重点部署未来5年的战略任务和重大举措。未来5年是全面建设社会主义现代化国家开局起步的关键时期，搞好这5年的发展对于实现第二个百年奋斗目标至关重要。

　　After 10 years of hard work in the new era, the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation has entered an irreversible historical process. The CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core adheres to the organic unity of the party’s leadership, the people being the masters of the country and governing the country according to law, adheres to and improves the fundamental system, basic system and important system supporting the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system, strives to build a systematic, scientific and standardized system with effective operation, promotes the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system to be more mature and stereotyped, and continuously improves the modernization level of the national governance system and governance capacity, thus providing a more perfect institutional guarantee for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. The balance, coordination and sustainability of China’s economic development have been significantly enhanced, with GDP reaching 114 trillion yuan and per capita GDP exceeding 12,000 US dollars. China’s economy has embarked on a road of higher quality, more efficiency, fairer, more sustainable and safer development, providing a more solid material foundation for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. The Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era has achieved a new leap in the sinicization of Marxism, and scientifically guided the whole party and people of all nationalities to forge ahead in a new journey and build a new era. The cultural self-confidence of the whole party and people of all nationalities has been significantly enhanced, and the cohesion and centripetal force of the whole society have been greatly enhanced. The enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of the people of China have been further stimulated, and their ambition, backbone and emboldened spirit have been unprecedentedly enhanced. The spiritual strength of self-confidence and self-improvement has become a strategic favorable condition for China’s development and provided for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　今天，在全面建设社会主义现代化国家、向第二个百年奋斗目标进军的新征程上，我们比历史上任何时期都更接近、更有信心和能力实现中华民族伟大复兴的目标。中国共产党团结带领中国人民，焕发出前所未有的历史主动精神和历史创造精神，正信心百倍地书写中华民族发展史上新的辉煌篇章。

　　（作者为中央党史和文献研究院原院务委员）

　　民族复兴进入不可逆转的历史进程（观察者说）

　　段 妍

　　党的十八大以来，以最高领袖同志为核心的党中央团结带领全党全国各族人民自信自强、守正创新，创造了新时代中国特色社会主义的伟大成就，为实现中华民族伟大复兴提供了更为完善的制度保证、更为坚实的物质基础、更为主动的精神力量。

　　Ordering the people by the state is the right system. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has taken the improvement and development of the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system and the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity as the overall goal of comprehensively deepening the reform, pushed the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system to be more mature and stereotyped, and guaranteed the "rule of China" with the "China system". At the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, the general goal of comprehensively deepening reform was put forward. At the 19th CPC Congress, "Socialism with Chinese characteristics system must be adhered to and improved" was included in the basic strategy of adhering to and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, and it was proposed that by 2035, "all aspects of the system will be more perfect, and the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity will be basically realized". The Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee systematically described and deployed the "institutional map" of China’s governance for the first time in the history of the Party, and the system covering 13 aspects laid the institutional cornerstone of "China’s governance". In the 10 years of the new era, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, we have strengthened top-level design and overall planning, and continuously expanded the depth and breadth of comprehensive and deepening reform with system construction as the main line. More than 2,000 reform programs have been issued in various aspects, and historic changes, systematic remodeling and overall reconstruction have been achieved in many fields.The fundamental system supporting Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s system has been continuously established, the basic system has been improved, important systems have been continuously innovated, and the basic institutional framework in various fields has been basically established, achieving the goal of "by the centenary of the founding of our party, the system has achieved remarkable results in all aspects" and providing a more perfect institutional guarantee for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Facts have fully proved that the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system has obvious superiority and strong vitality.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "The Chinese dream of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is to achieve national prosperity, national rejuvenation and people’s happiness." The CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core adheres to the people-centered development thought, takes the people’s yearning for a better life as the goal, accurately grasps the new development stage, implements the new development concept completely, accurately and comprehensively, accelerates the construction of a new development pattern, and promotes high-quality development. Through the continuous struggle of the whole party and the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country, we have achieved the goal of the first century of struggle, built a well-off society in an all-round way on the land of China, historically solved the problem of absolute poverty, and written a great miracle in the history of human development. The balance, coordination and sustainability of China’s economic development have been significantly enhanced. The GDP has reached 114 trillion yuan, and the per capita GDP has exceeded 12,000 US dollars. The people’s lives have been significantly improved, and the world’s largest social security net has been woven. At the same time, the coordinated development of regional urban and rural areas presents a new situation, and the power source for high-quality development has been expanded. The resilience of economic development has been significantly enhanced. Facing the severe impact of the COVID-19 epidemic, China’s overall economic development and epidemic prevention and control have achieved the best results in the world. In high-tech fields such as quantum communication, iron-based superconductivity and manned space flight, a number of significant scientific and technological achievements &hellip have been achieved. … In the 10 years of the new era, China’s strategic measures, transformative practices, breakthrough progress and landmark achievements in economic construction,It has provided a more solid material foundation for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "The revival of a nation needs strong material strength as well as strong spiritual strength." The people have faith, the nation has hope and the country has strength. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has attached great importance to cultural construction, stimulated the cultural innovation and creativity of the whole nation, better built the spirit of China, the values of China and the strength of China, and consolidated the common ideological foundation for the United struggle of the whole party and people of all ethnic groups. The mental outlook of the people of the whole country has become more vigorous, and the spiritual building of the Chinese nation has stood tall. Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era is the latest achievement of Marxism in China, which is contemporary China Marxism and 21st century Marxism, and provides us with a powerful ideological weapon to understand and transform the world. Under the guidance of this important ideological science, the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation has gained unprecedented historical initiative and spiritual initiative. In the 10 years of the new era, the propaganda and ideological work has adhered to the guidance of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought, the supreme leader in the new era, firmly grasped the leadership of ideological work, persisted in making innovations at the same time, and made the whole party armed and educated the people with the party’s innovative theory, clearly opposed and resisted all kinds of wrong views, and built a socialist ideology with strong cohesion and leading power; The construction of spiritual civilization is guided by cultural people and socialist core values, and it pays attention to using advanced socialist culture, revolutionary culture and Chinese excellent traditional culture to cast souls, enlighten wisdom and moisten the heart, and deepen the creation of mass spiritual civilization.建设新时代文明实践中心，不断丰富人民精神世界、增强人民精神力量，广泛凝聚起中华儿女同心同德的磅礴伟力；注重加强理想信念教育和爱国主义教育，深入开展党史学习教育、“四史”宣传教育，推动革命文化与红色基因的传承，大力弘扬以伟大建党精神为源头的中国共产党人精神谱系，中国人的志气、骨气、底气空前增强，历史主动精神和历史创造精神不断焕发，为实现中华民族伟大复兴提供了更为主动的精神力量。当前，中国人民正以昂扬饱满的精神状态奋进新征程、建功新时代，中华民族正以不可逆转之势迈向伟大复兴。

　　（作者为东北师范大学马克思主义学部教授）

　　实现理论和实践上的创新突破

　　以中国式现代化推进中华民族伟大复兴

　　谢 慧

　　实现现代化是近代以来中华民族孜孜以求的梦想。最高领袖总书记在省部级主要领导干部专题研讨班上的重要讲话中指出：“在新中国成立特别是改革开放以来的长期探索和实践基础上，经过党的十八大以来在理论和实践上的创新突破，我们成功推进和拓展了中国式现代化。”新时代10年，以最高领袖同志为核心的党中央不断把中国式现代化推向前进，实现中华民族伟大复兴进入了不可逆转的历史进程。

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　　Firmly grasp the correct direction of Chinese modernization. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "There is neither a model of modernization fixed on one statue nor a universal standard of modernization in the world." Chinese-style modernization is socialist modernization, which breaks the myth that modernization can only be achieved by following the capitalist modernization model, overcomes the inherent disadvantages of capitalist modernization, provides a brand-new choice for modernization, and shows a bright future for the modernization of human society. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "China’s modernization is a modernization with a huge population, a modernization of common prosperity for all people, a modernization of harmony between material civilization and spiritual civilization, a modernization of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, and a modernization of peaceful development." The important exposition of the Supreme Leader General Secretary has injected a distinct connotation of the times into the socialist modernization, profoundly revealing that Chinese modernization must proceed from the essential requirements of socialism and conform to the laws of socialist construction. The successful promotion and expansion of Chinese-style modernization shows the world that there is more than one road to modernization, and the key is to find the right direction, persevere and take our own road. Unswervingly advancing the historical process of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation requires a profound understanding of the essential attributes and fundamental requirements of Chinese-style modernization, and a clear understanding that Chinese-style modernization is rooted in the land of China, inherits Chinese civilization, conforms to the reality of China, has unique characteristics of China, and has created a new form of human civilization.

　　Adhere to the destiny of China’s development and progress firmly in their own hands. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "We must persist in promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese modernization, neither taking the old road of being closed and rigid, nor taking the evil road of changing the flag. We must persist in putting the development of the country and the nation on the basis of our own strength and firmly holding the fate of China’s development and progress in our own hands." For more than a hundred years, our party has always insisted on taking its own path, doing its own thing well, unswervingly grasping the highest and fundamental interests of the Chinese nation, striving to achieve the set goals with the persistence of insisting that the green hills are not relaxed, and advancing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with the sober mind of those who walk a hundred miles. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has persisted in promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese modernization, focused on new practices and new developments with the aim of solving practical problems in China’s socialist modernization, and always stood at the forefront of the times and promoted Chinese modernization with a high level of strategic overall situation. No matter in theory or in practice, Chinese modernization has great and far-reaching significance in the history of the development of the Chinese nation, the history of world socialism and the history of human society. History tells us that no nation or country in human history can achieve strength and rejuvenation by relying on external forces, copying foreign models and following others step by step. On the new journey towards the goal of the second century,We should unite more closely around the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, adhere to the guidance of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, deeply understand the decisive significance of the "two establishment", further strengthen the "four consciousnesses", strengthen the "four self-confidences" and achieve the "two maintenance", persist in firmly holding the fate of China’s development and progress in our own hands, and strive to write a new chapter in building a socialist modern country in an all-round way.

　　(The author is the vice president of Hunan University of Science and Technology)