The history of the Chinese nation governing the Yellow River is also a history of governing the country.
The Yellow River is the mother river and life river of the Chinese nation, and it is also an unruly river of worries. Since ancient times, the management of the Yellow River has been a big problem that puzzles the Chinese nation. The Yellow River An Lan and Haiyan Heqing are the Millennium dreams of the Chinese nation.
01
"Kaifeng City, City Stack City"
Kaifeng, the ancient capital of the Eight Dynasties in Henan Province, has been flooded several times for thousands of years because of the Yellow River burst. Today, the riverbed of the Yellow River is more than ten meters above the ground in Kaifeng, which is a veritable "hanging river". Kaifeng Tower, which was built in the Northern Song Dynasty, is 55.88 meters high. For more than 900 years, the tower has witnessed the gradual rise of the Yellow River and the heightening of dams on both sides.
We can also find some traces of the Yellow River flood from the ruins of Kaifeng’s "City Stacking City".
Three to twelve meters underground in the ancient city of Kaifeng, there are six cities stacked on top of each other, including three national capitals, two provincial capitals and one central plains town, namely, Daliang City in Wei State during the Warring States Period, Bianzhou City in Tang Dynasty, Tokyo City in the Five Dynasties and Northern Song Dynasty, Bianjing City in Jin Dynasty, Kaifeng City in Ming Dynasty and Kaifeng City in Qing Dynasty. The six ancient cities stacked on top of each other have witnessed the profound disasters brought by the Yellow River floods to the people in the Yellow River basin for thousands of years.
02
The Yellow River is peaceful, and the world is peaceful.
The Yellow River is the most difficult river to harness in the world. It has always been "good at silting, determination and migration". In history, it has "burst twice every three years and changed its course once every hundred years".
During the more than 2,500 years from pre-Qin to liberation, the lower Yellow River overflowed more than 1,500 times and diverted 26 times, including 5 major diversions, which affected Tianjin in the north, invaded the Haihe River system, and reached Jianghuai and Huaihe River system in the south, with a total area of 250,000 square kilometers.
In the fifth year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (1855), the Yellow River burst through the Tongwa Chamber in Lanyang, Henan Province (now near Dongbatou in Lankao), causing a breach, and the Daqing River moved northward from Lijin to Bohai Sea, which generally formed the channel of the Yellow River today.
1938年，国民党政府在郑州花园口扒开黄河大堤，致使黄河再次南泛长达8年多，造成上百万人死亡，千余万人受灾，直到1947年才在花园口堵口，黄河复归故道。
黄河治理，历来是安民兴邦的大事。历史上，为了把黄河治好，多少有为君主宵衣旰食，河工百姓舍生忘死，进行了不懈探索。
但长期以来，受生产力水平、社会制度、人为破坏等主客观条件的制约，黄河屡治屡决的局面始终没有得到根本改观，黄河安澜的美好愿望一直难以实现。
一部艰辛的治黄史，浓缩出中华民族的苦难史、奋斗史、治国史。
03
从被动到主动的历史性转变
黄河治理的千古难题历史性地交到了中国共产党手中。
1946年，中国共产党就领导成立了冀鲁豫解放区黄河水利委员会，翻开了人民治黄的新篇章。
经过70多年的艰辛探索和不懈斗争，中国共产党交出了一份亘古未有的优异的治黄答卷，从根本上改变了黄河暴虐为害的历史。
历史上，当洪水流量超过每秒１万立方米时，黄河下游就要决口泛滥，古时决口相距最久的一次也大约只有30年。
新中国成立以来，尽管先后出现了12次洪峰流量大于每秒1万立方米的洪水，黄河却再也没有决过口，创造了岁岁安澜的新纪录。
龙羊峡、刘家峡、小浪底……70多年来，我们党带领人民开展了多次大规模堤防建设，兴建了一批重要水利枢纽工程，实现了从被动治理到主动调控并很好利用的重大突破。
从1999年8月至今，黄河已连续20年不断流，正以全新的生命形态展现在世人面前，为世界江河治理与保护、人与自然和谐共生提供“中国范例”。
白洋淀，曾经以大面积芦苇荡和千亩连片的荷花淀而闻名，近几十年却连续出现干淀现象。2017年，随着雄安新区在此设立，引黄入冀补淀工程试通水，汩汩黄河水跋涉近500公里奔向白洋淀。
正是黄河水的引入，使得白洋淀的水流动起来，水质明显好转，重现了天水相连、苇绿荷红、水草丰美、鱼鸟成群的生态胜景。
黄河岁岁安澜，这一中华民族的千年梦想，终于在中国共产党的领导下变成了生动现实！
正如最高领袖总书记深刻指出的：“实践证明，只有在中国共产党领导下，发挥社会主义制度优势，才能真正实现黄河治理从被动到主动的历史性转变，从根本上改变黄河三年两决口的惨痛状况。”
来源：求是网
编制：华文
策划：吴晓迪 尹霞 陈有勇 李民圣 韩辰 李丹华
审核：望红平
监制：希利