Medical Jianghu of original DrX

Recently, I brushed a short video and saw some bloggers eating barbecue videos. Looking at the way bloggers ate with relish in the video, I couldn’t help swallowing.

Maybe many people, like me, are senior barbecue lovers. Although barbecue is delicious, we often hear some negative rumors about barbecue while eating. For example, a certain college student is diagnosed with cancer after eating barbecue continuously. For example, it is often said that barbecue causes cancer and cannot be eaten. …

Although these rumors look scary, they still can’t stop our love for barbecue. However, after carefully studying and consulting relevant literature, we found a truth that pierced our hearts:

The better the barbecue, the more carcinogenic it is!

Since barbecue causes cancer, does that mean you can’t eat it? Of course not! Let’s continue to look down.

Barbecue, why is it so delicious?

I have the most say in this question. Every time I go to have a barbecue, as long as I see the store baking ingredients with electricity, I always feel that the barbecue tastes wrong. Once a merchant bakes it with charcoal, I immediately feel that the barbecue tastes delicious.

I think the barbecue baked with charcoal is a real barbecue. The reason why charcoal barbecue is so attractive is that smoke will adhere to the surface of the ingredients during barbecue, which will bring a lot of volatile flavor compounds to the ingredients, and these substances are the real reason why we don’t want to leave when we smell them.

But if we use electricity to bake food, there will be no charcoal and water in the baking process, and no smoke will be generated. Whether we look at it or smell it, we will feel no appetite.

Barbecue, why does it cause cancer?

The ingredients baked with charcoal are attractive and delicious, but also bring the risk of cancer. And the root cause of cancer is related to two of them.

benzopyrene

The name of benzopyrene has been heard by many people. As a kind of carcinogen, it is clearly proved to have carcinogenic effect on human body. Studies have shown that benzopyrene is related to lung cancer, gastric cancer, skin cancer and digestive tract cancer. At the same time, benzopyrene has terrible teratogenicity and mutagenicity.

Why is there benzopyrene in the barbecue? The reason is very simple, that is, when the meat is grilled at high temperature, the oil in the meat will drip into the fire with the high temperature and produce smoke, which will also produce benzopyrene.

Studies show that the higher the temperature, the more smoke and the closer the food is to the fire source, the more benzopyrene may be attached to the food.

Heterocyclic amine

Heterocyclic amines are also high-risk carcinogens, and their carcinogenicity generally acts on blood vessels, intestines, liver, lymphoid tissues, skin and mouth, covering almost all aspects of the human body.

At the same time, heterocyclic amines have strong mutagenicity, including gene mutation, chromosome aberration, DNA breakage and oncogene activation.

The production of heterocyclic amines is also very simple, that is, the thermal reaction formed at high temperature will also lead to the reaction between amino acids in meat and glucose, and heterocyclic amines are born under this circumstance.

nitrosamine

Nitrosamines are also very common carcinogens. In order to make the barbecue taste better, some merchants will pickle the ingredients before barbecue. Once the curing time is too long, or too much salt is put, nitrosamines may be produced.

In addition to causing cancer, these problems of barbecue also need attention.

Health problem

This problem is more prominent, because in reality, many barbecue shops appear in the form of small stalls, and people often think that roadside stalls have the fireworks of barbecue. I don’t know that the ingredients are placed in the open air and are easily contaminated by microorganisms.

Preservation problem

The barbecue season is generally summer, and the temperature is high in summer, which is easy to breed bacteria. Once the operation of the barbecue shop is not standardized, the ingredients will easily deteriorate or go wrong.

Raw material problem

For a long time, the supervision of various barbecue shops or roadside stalls is actually very limited, which leads to that many of their ingredients, especially beef and mutton, cannot fully meet the hygiene standards. In addition, some "black-hearted" bosses do not hesitate to use "technology and hard work" for the benefit, such as taking duck meat as pork and taking scraps back for private processing.

Can air fryer cause cancer?

Air fryer has been very popular in recent years, but at the same time, there are negative news about cancer. The reason why the air fryer is labeled as carcinogenic is that it will cause some chemical and physical reactions of food when it works, and produce a substance called acrylamide.

Acrylamide was listed as a Class 2A carcinogen by the World Health Organization earlier, because it is generally believed that using air fryers will cause cancer.

It does make sense to look at it, but in fact it can’t stand scrutiny at all. The so-called class 2A carcinogen refers to "there is sufficient evidence to prove that it is carcinogenic to animals, but it is still impossible to prove whether it is carcinogenic to humans".

It is totally unnecessary to say that we feel carcinogenic when we hear acrylamide, and we are afraid. Because the "hot drinks above 65℃" and "staying up late" we often encounter are all Class 2A carcinogens.

What’s more, acrylamide is mainly the product of Maillard reaction between asparagine and reducing sugar, and Maillard reaction may occur in many processes that require high temperature cooking. Even if you use frying pan and frying pan instead of air frying pan, Maillard reaction may occur.

In addition, a study published in Food Science pointed out that compared with frying, the content of acrylamide can be greatly reduced by 90%.

Can baking food in an electric oven cause cancer?

Some people may say, since barbecue with an open flame will cause cancer, will cooking food in an electric oven also cause cancer?

This question is indeed very referential. After all, the popularity of electric ovens is very high now, and it is almost a necessity for every family.

As we said earlier, there are certain prerequisites for the production of carcinogens, and high temperature is one of the very important factors. Different from barbecue with naked fire, the advantage of electric oven is that the food will not directly contact with the heat source, so it will not produce lampblack, and the current electric oven can basically control the temperature and heat evenly, so it will not cause the local temperature of food to be too high.

Therefore, when roasting meat in an electric oven, as long as the temperature is controlled below 180℃ and the time is appropriate, observe and adjust the temperature at any time to avoid the food surface being burnt or burnt, you don’t have to worry too much about the influence of carcinogens.

How to reduce the harm of barbecue?

If you want to relieve your craving and reduce the health hazards of barbecue, you may wish to take a look at the following methods.

① Marinate the ingredients before baking.

What we are talking about here is not salting, but salting meat ingredients with seasonings rich in antioxidants such as garlic juice, lemon juice, rosemary or cinnamon powder. Studies have shown that this can reduce the generation of carcinogens.

② Remember to remove the burnt part.

Some people like to eat the burnt part, which is absolutely unacceptable, because the content of carcinogens in the burnt food is often higher. So when eating barbecue, try to remove the burnt part.

③ Wrap the ingredients before baking.

When barbecuing, you can wrap the ingredients with tin foil or lotus leaves before baking, because this will leave the lost water between the "coat" and the meat, and form a gap full of hot steam, so that the food will have the effect of steaming and baking, and the temperature will not rise so fast, avoiding too much carcinogen smoke from entering the ingredients.

④ Try to use less fat meat.

The fatter the meat, the more fat it means, and the more carcinogens it produces during barbecue. Therefore, try not to choose too fat meat when choosing ingredients.

References:

Li Tongtong. The Secret of Barbecue Flavor: Maillard Reaction [J]. Food and Health, 2018 (4): 2. DOI: 10.3969/j.ISSN.1004-0137.2018.04.042.

Tan Shunzhong, Cheng Yan, Yang Wenwu, et al. Pollution and health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in barbecue [J]. Food Industry Science and Technology, 2019,40 (9): 6. DOI: 10.13386/j.ISSN 1002-0306.2019.09.037.

Ke Wei. Concerned about the carcinogenicity of acrylamide [J]. Journal of Bioengineering, 2003, 19(3).

Wang Silu. Revealing the Carcinogenic Truth of Air Fryer [J]. Food and Health, 2020.

Published by People’s Health Publishing House. Safety on the Tip of the Tongue (Volume 4)

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　　The day before yesterday morning, two policemen from the police station outside the Beijing West Railway Station Public Security Bureau rushed to Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, and handed 1000 yuan cash to college student Xiao Zhang and his two classmates. On the evening of August 22nd, when these three college students were preparing to go back to school after visiting Beijing, they were in a hurry to catch the train, so they got on a black motorcycle and were asked for 1000 yuan by their owners. After receiving the report from the parents of the students, the management Committee of the West Railway Station acted quickly and recovered the losses for the three college students.

　　Xiao Zhang is a student in a university in Inner Mongolia. He is a junior after school. During the summer vacation, he and two classmates came to Beijing to travel and bought tickets for returning to Hohhot from Beijing West Railway Station at 10 pm on August 22nd. Being unfamiliar with the road, the three men took the wrong subway and failed to catch the train. After hastily changing the ticket, the three talents found that the bus they were going to take did not leave at Beijing West Railway Station, but at Beijing Railway Station. At this time, there is only one hour left before the departure, and Xiao Zhang is in a hurry.

　　Where can I take a taxi? Suddenly, they heard someone shouting from the roadside: "Beijing Station, 15 yuan." Without thinking, the three men made a deal with the shouting man. But at the sight of the man’s car, their hearts were half cold. It turned out that this was a two-wheeled motorcycle, but it was too urgent to think too much about it. The three men got on the car of the man and his companions, and the three motorcycles galloped away to Beijing Station. At this point, it is already 10: 40 in the evening.

　　Halfway there, three motorcycles stopped suddenly, and the man began to talk about the price with Xiao Zhang and them, asking everyone to 350 yuan instead of 15 yuan. "They said that because they ran a red light and went retrograde, they had to add money." Xiao Zhang and others understand that they have been "slaughtered". Time was pressing, so they had to agree to the man’s request. "We don’t have that much money, let them cheaper, a person in 300 yuan. Unexpectedly, after giving it to 900 yuan, one of the men asked us for 100 yuan. "

　　After returning to Hohhot the next morning, I called the police through my parents. On August 24th, after receiving the report, the Urban Management Branch of Beijing West Railway Station quickly started to investigate. Because three college students have returned to school and are unfamiliar with the environment of the West Railway Station, it is impossible to accurately describe the location of the incident. So, the staff added their WeChat, and finally determined the boarding place of the three people through photo comparison.

　　On August 26th, all three men driving motorcycles were found. The Urban Management Branch of Beijing West Railway Station made an administrative penalty decision to confiscate three motorcycles involved in the case, and three motorcycle drivers were also detained by the public security organs.

　　The day before yesterday morning, two policemen from the police station outside Beijing West Railway Station Public Security Bureau came to Hohhot and handed 1000 yuan’s cash to three college students. Xiao Zhang told reporters: "What a surprise!" Ms. Yang, the parents of the students, also expressed her gratitude to the Beijing police and the Beijing West Railway Station Regional Management Committee. She said that she didn’t expect to recover the loss at the beginning of her call. "People also made a special trip for this matter, thank you very much."

　　The reporter learned that it is usually around 35 yuan to take a taxi from Beijing West Railway Station to Beijing Railway Station. The place where Xiao Zhang and others get on the bus is less than 20 meters away from the nearest taxi dispatching station. The Urban Management Branch of Beijing West Railway Station reminds the passengers that the mobility of personnel in the station area is large and the composition of personnel is complex. Don’t neglect the potential risks because of being in a hurry and being greedy for cheap, resulting in property losses and even personal safety injuries. When traveling, you must choose regular means of transportation.

　　According to the relevant person in charge of the Beijing West Railway Station Management Committee, it is the peak period for freshmen to register for admission. Various functional departments in the West Railway Station have strengthened the regulation and guidance of the order of picking up freshmen, and at the same time, more than 260 volunteers have been arranged in the West Railway Station area to provide services around the clock. If passengers encounter difficulties, they can ask the nearest staff or volunteers for help, or call 63345110 to make a complaint.

　　Our reporter Wang Qipeng