Xinhua News Agency, December 21st: Scientific prevention and control, taking it easy — — Review of flood control and fighting in 2016

　　Xinhua News Agency reporters Hou Xuejing and Wang Libin

　　This year, under the severe test of the north-south flood disaster, the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, the meticulous organization, scientific scheduling and full response of the State General Administration of Defense, the General Administration of Flood Control in all river basins and the local party committees, governments and flood control and drought relief headquarters, and the concerted efforts and tenacious struggle of the broad masses of soldiers and civilians in Qi Xin ensured the safety of people’s lives and property to the greatest extent. According to statistics, compared with the average value of the same period since 2000, the affected area of crops, affected population, dead population and collapsed houses decreased by 14%, 27%, 49% and 57% respectively. The whole country won the victory of flood control and flood fighting at the least cost, and spent a very unsettled year in 2016.

　　Deploy ahead of time and build a "responsibility levee" for flood control and flood fighting.

　　Affected by the super El Ni? o event, this year, the whole country entered the flood season early and lasted for a long time, and rare storms and floods occurred in many places. 473 rivers in 28 provinces across the country exceeded the police. Taihu Lake has the second highest water level in history. The biggest flood occurred in the Yangtze River basin since 1998. The biggest flood occurred in the south of Haihe River since 1996. Eight typhoons landed in China, four of which reached the magnitude of strong typhoon … …

　　"Starting from the most unfavorable situation, work hard in the best direction!" The National Defense General Administration and the Ministry of Water Resources put all their efforts into flood control and flood fighting, and held a plenary meeting of the National Defense General Administration one month in advance; Flood control inspection one month in advance; "One province, one order" will be rectified within a limited time, and the implementation will be urged; Revise and improve the emergency plan for flood control and drought relief & HELIP; … In this flood season, the leaders of the National Defense General and the Ministry of Water Resources held daily rolling consultations, and video conferences were held several times during the critical period of "seven downs and eight ups" for re-deployment and re-implementation.

　　The main responsible comrades of local party committees and governments at all levels personally deployed and commanded, and implemented their responsibilities. At the critical moment of flood control in the Yangtze River, the National Defense General announced for the first time the list of 885 grass-roots administrative responsible persons in important dike sections, with detailed responsibility decomposition to ensure that "one section and one responsibility" is taken care of by special personnel and the dike is impregnable. In all river basins, provinces and cities, the responsibilities are clearly defined step by step, and the pressure is transmitted layer by layer, so as to build a "responsibility levee" for flood control and flood fighting.

　　Fighting floods is a battlefield and an examination room. Organized in an orderly way, flood control and flood fighting are powerful, orderly and calm.

　　Rolling revision of large-scale flood control key reservoirs in the Yangtze River, Taihu Lake, Haihe River and Yellow River basins. According to the characteristics of different river basins, different flood types and different defense requirements, the emergency response to flood control and typhoon prevention was launched 19 times.

　　In reservoir dispatching, dam defense, mass transfer and secondary disaster prevention, at the critical juncture of flood control and flood fighting, the National Defense General has sent more than 320 working groups, expert groups and supervision teams to the front line.

　　At the critical moment when it is difficult to connect flood-fighting and emergency materials, the Ministry of Finance of the State Administration of Defense arranged a huge subsidy of 3.767 billion yuan for flood control and drought relief, fully supporting the local authorities to do all kinds of prevention and response work.

　　Scientific scheduling, water conservancy projects become the mainstay.

　　Compared with more than 9000 dangerous places in the Yangtze River embankment in 1998, there are only 50 general dangerous places in the Yangtze River embankment this year. The direct economic loss of Taihu Lake Basin due to the disaster was 7.528 billion yuan, accounting for 0.12% of the basin’s GDP(2014), far lower than 7.8% in 1991 and 1.6% in 1999, which created a miracle that no one died or disappeared due to the disaster.

　　The decisive battle for the catastrophic flood in 2016 was a comprehensive test of the remarkable improvement of comprehensive national strength in the past 38 years of reform and opening up, and a grand "baptism" was held for the Chinese forces fighting floods and floods in a special form.

　　Natural disasters are unfortunate, but fortunately, the level of flood control and flood fighting ability in China is not what it used to be.

　　The flood control system is more perfect. After the flood in 1998, the state invested nearly 30 billion yuan to speed up the reinforcement of the Yangtze River trunk dike, making the 3,900-kilometer standardized dike "strong and strong". This is a microcosm of the remarkable improvement of the country’s disaster prevention capability. Up to now, China has built 98,000 reservoirs with a total storage capacity of 932.3 billion cubic meters.

　　The hard "card" of engineering system is in hand, and the guarantee of non-engineering system is strong. Since 2011, the state has invested 27.9 billion yuan, realizing the basic coverage of the monitoring network in the mountain flood disaster prevention and control area.

　　Engineering scheduling is more scientific. "If the Three Gorges Reservoir and the Upper and Middle Reaches Reservoir jointly dispatch reservoirs to cut peaks and store floods during the flood season this year, the consequences will be very serious." Zhang Jiatuan, inspector and spokesperson of the National Defense Office, said.

　　At the critical stage of flood control in July, the Three Gorges and the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River were jointly dispatched, and the flood in the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River was stopped by 22.7 billion cubic meters, which reduced the flood peak level of the upper reaches of Chenglingji in Dongting Lake by 0.8-1.7 meters, the flood peak level of Chenglingji in Dongting Lake by 0.7 meters, and the flood peak level of the lower reaches of Wuhan by 0.2-0.4 meters, thus realizing that the Shangjing River does not exceed the police, the flood storage and detention areas near Chenglingji in Dongting Lake do not divide floods, and the important dikes of the Yangtze River do not It is precisely because of the interception of the Three Gorges Project that the comprehensive benefits of the reservoirs are maximized.

　　Join forces to fight floods, and all directions help to show institutional advantages.

　　During the flood season this year, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council made immediate arrangements, all members of the National Defense General performed their duties, and all localities and departments worked together and acted quickly, forming a strong joint force to unite and fight floods.

　　The People’s Liberation Army (PLA) and the Armed Police Force (CAPF) gave full play to the role of the main force and commandos, rescued and transferred more than 700,000 people, reinforced more than 1,000 kilometers of dams and grabbed more than 1,200 kilometers of access roads. The public security department dispatched 2.36 million police officers to evacuate, transfer and rescue more than 2.35 million trapped people, effectively maintaining social order in the disaster areas.

　　Modern flood control and fighting is a battle of ability and strength.

　　The National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Finance increased their support for water conservancy construction and flood fighting and disaster relief. The Ministry of Finance allocated 15.48 billion yuan for flood control and drought relief, and the Ministry of Civil Affairs and the Ministry of Finance allocated 7.906 billion yuan to urgently allocate 41,000 tents, 166,000 beds (pieces) of clothing and other central materials to the hardest hit areas such as Hubei, Jiangsu and Hebei.

　　The transportation of materials is the lifeblood of modern flood control and flood fighting.

　　The transportation and railway departments quickly repaired the roads and railways damaged by water, successfully rescued more than 300 people in distress at sea and more than 40 ships, and realized the prevention of strong typhoons twice without casualties. The Ministry of Agriculture organizes fishing boats to return to Hong Kong to take shelter from the wind and guide the disaster areas to resume agricultural production.

　　Modern flood control is also a public health war.

　　Health and family planning departments have strengthened health and epidemic prevention, treating more than 800,000 patients and killing more than 300 million square meters in the environment.

　　Industry and information, housing and construction, commerce, safety supervision, energy and other departments do their jobs and serve the overall situation.

　　… …

　　The socialist system fully demonstrates its advantages of concentrating on doing great things.

　　Life is paramount, and 14.61 million people in danger zones have been transferred ahead of schedule — — Almost equal to the population of a medium-sized country in Europe, and ensure that the affected people have food, shelter and medical treatment when they are sick … … This is a party and government that is highly responsible for the safety of people’s lives and respects and fears life.

For the domestic new energy SUV, the polar fox Alpha T5 is like an all-round choice. Car companies have explored market segments and want to occupy a new energy SUV. However, if you want to seize the position in this game, you can’t just rely on brand awareness. The price, quality and quality of the product itself are the key to winning the market. Extreme Fox deeply studied the market demand, firmly grasped the pain points of consumers, and launched Extreme Fox Alpha T5, which stood out in this competition.

Extreme Fox Alpha T5 Healthy Cockpit
With the industry-leading medical-grade standards, Polar Fox has built a "healthy cockpit" of Polar Fox Alpha T5, which not only realizes the maternal and child-grade environment in terms of respiratory health, but also ensures that the formaldehyde concentration far exceeds the national standard and even exceeds the children’s room through the exclusive black technology materials and rigorous tests of Chinese Academy of Sciences. In terms of materials, more innovative developed antibacterial materials, which are safe and harmless without fear of high temperature, effectively killing 99.99% of bacteria, and at the same time introduced ultraviolet sterilization technology to ensure "zero formaldehyde and zero benzene" in the cockpit, and also screened 127 new materials of prohibited substances to build an electromagnetic safety defense line; Electromagnetic protection is equally excellent, and electromagnetic radiation is lower than that of mobile phones, so pregnant women don’t have to worry. Extreme Fox uses technology to protect the health of drivers and passengers, which proves that it is not only the industry leader in the field of in-vehicle health, but also the synonym of safety and health, making every trip a careful care.

Innovation of 800V High Voltage Overcharging Technology for Pure Electric Travel
The 800V high-voltage overcharge technology of Extreme Fox Alfa T5 enables it to supplement the mileage of 260 kilometers within 10 minutes of charging, greatly improving the convenience of pure trams. At the same time, high-voltage overcharge technology also reduces energy consumption and further improves vehicle economy. The 800V high-voltage overcharge technology of Extreme Fox Alfa T5 enables it to supplement the mileage of 260 kilometers within 10 minutes of charging, greatly improving the convenience of pure trams. At the same time, high-voltage overcharge technology also reduces energy consumption and further improves vehicle economy.
Excellent balance between price and endurance
Extreme Fox Alpha T5, as a new force in the new energy market, quickly attracted consumers’ attention with its accurate price positioning-155,800 to 199,800 yuan, and a high-end version of 160,000 yuan after the discount. This model is not only affordable, but also shows extraordinary strength in endurance, with a cruising range of up to 660 kilometers, which meets the needs of users for long-distance travel and truly realizes "worry-free travel". And its battery capacity of up to 79.2 degrees provides a solid guarantee for this excellent battery life.
Flexible spatial structure
The polar fox Alpha T5 has a good performance in the body size, and its internal space has been cleverly optimized. As an all-eugenic super pure electric new energy SUV, Alfa T5 has a length of 4690mm, a width of 1936mm, a height of 1650mm and a wheelbase of 2845 mm.. Moreover, the Extreme Fox Alpha T5 has an ultra-high occupancy rate of 69%, and the ratio of axle length is better. The interior space reaches 1793mm, the interior width reaches 1520mm, the interior height reaches 1260mm, and the backrest of the rear seat is adjustable by 30 degrees, leading the same class. In terms of storage, Alfa T5 can accommodate multiple suitcases at the same time, the back of the rear seat supports 4/6 reclining, and it can be extended to 1,546 L when connected with the trunk, which can accommodate multiple suitcases. The storage space in 21 places of the whole car includes warm and cold handboxes.
Perfect integration of intelligent technology and luxury configuration
Alfa T5, as a polar fox product, is also an all-eugenic super pure electric SUV model. It is built with IMC intelligent pure electric architecture platform and equipped with Qualcomm Snapdragon 8155 intelligent driving chip, and its intelligent hardware has reached the leading level in the industry. The car is equipped with a 15.6-inch high-definition large screen with a resolution of 1920*1080, which brings users the ultimate visual enjoyment. At the same time, the vehicle also integrates 22 sensor hardware, supports L2.5-level assisted driving, and realizes intelligent driving assistance functions such as automatic parking and adaptive cruise, making driving easier and more convenient.

Fine adjustment of chassis and NVH
In order to improve the comfort of the chassis, Alfa T5 adopts the design of the front McPherson rear independent suspension, which has a more delicate shock-absorbing effect. In terms of NVH, vehicles have made great efforts, and the application of advanced technologies such as full coverage bottom guard optimization and harmonic injection design has effectively suppressed the transmission of noise. The optimization of damping materials at the door also further reduces the radiation of wind noise and creates a quiet and comfortable driving environment for users.

On the whole, the arrival of Extreme Fox Alpha T5 has injected a shot in the arm into the high-end market. Coupled with the healthy interior atmosphere, this car has been pushed to a high level and is expected to become a benchmark at the same level. With the continuous development of the market, the polar fox Alpha T5 is expected to maintain its market position.

Medical Jianghu of original DrX

Recently, I brushed a short video and saw some bloggers eating barbecue videos. Looking at the way bloggers ate with relish in the video, I couldn’t help swallowing.

Maybe many people, like me, are senior barbecue lovers. Although barbecue is delicious, we often hear some negative rumors about barbecue while eating. For example, a certain college student is diagnosed with cancer after eating barbecue continuously. For example, it is often said that barbecue causes cancer and cannot be eaten. …

Although these rumors look scary, they still can’t stop our love for barbecue. However, after carefully studying and consulting relevant literature, we found a truth that pierced our hearts:

The better the barbecue, the more carcinogenic it is!

Since barbecue causes cancer, does that mean you can’t eat it? Of course not! Let’s continue to look down.

Barbecue, why is it so delicious?

I have the most say in this question. Every time I go to have a barbecue, as long as I see the store baking ingredients with electricity, I always feel that the barbecue tastes wrong. Once a merchant bakes it with charcoal, I immediately feel that the barbecue tastes delicious.

I think the barbecue baked with charcoal is a real barbecue. The reason why charcoal barbecue is so attractive is that smoke will adhere to the surface of the ingredients during barbecue, which will bring a lot of volatile flavor compounds to the ingredients, and these substances are the real reason why we don’t want to leave when we smell them.

But if we use electricity to bake food, there will be no charcoal and water in the baking process, and no smoke will be generated. Whether we look at it or smell it, we will feel no appetite.

Barbecue, why does it cause cancer?

The ingredients baked with charcoal are attractive and delicious, but also bring the risk of cancer. And the root cause of cancer is related to two of them.

benzopyrene

The name of benzopyrene has been heard by many people. As a kind of carcinogen, it is clearly proved to have carcinogenic effect on human body. Studies have shown that benzopyrene is related to lung cancer, gastric cancer, skin cancer and digestive tract cancer. At the same time, benzopyrene has terrible teratogenicity and mutagenicity.

Why is there benzopyrene in the barbecue? The reason is very simple, that is, when the meat is grilled at high temperature, the oil in the meat will drip into the fire with the high temperature and produce smoke, which will also produce benzopyrene.

Studies show that the higher the temperature, the more smoke and the closer the food is to the fire source, the more benzopyrene may be attached to the food.

Heterocyclic amine

Heterocyclic amines are also high-risk carcinogens, and their carcinogenicity generally acts on blood vessels, intestines, liver, lymphoid tissues, skin and mouth, covering almost all aspects of the human body.

At the same time, heterocyclic amines have strong mutagenicity, including gene mutation, chromosome aberration, DNA breakage and oncogene activation.

The production of heterocyclic amines is also very simple, that is, the thermal reaction formed at high temperature will also lead to the reaction between amino acids in meat and glucose, and heterocyclic amines are born under this circumstance.

nitrosamine

Nitrosamines are also very common carcinogens. In order to make the barbecue taste better, some merchants will pickle the ingredients before barbecue. Once the curing time is too long, or too much salt is put, nitrosamines may be produced.

In addition to causing cancer, these problems of barbecue also need attention.

Health problem

This problem is more prominent, because in reality, many barbecue shops appear in the form of small stalls, and people often think that roadside stalls have the fireworks of barbecue. I don’t know that the ingredients are placed in the open air and are easily contaminated by microorganisms.

Preservation problem

The barbecue season is generally summer, and the temperature is high in summer, which is easy to breed bacteria. Once the operation of the barbecue shop is not standardized, the ingredients will easily deteriorate or go wrong.

Raw material problem

For a long time, the supervision of various barbecue shops or roadside stalls is actually very limited, which leads to that many of their ingredients, especially beef and mutton, cannot fully meet the hygiene standards. In addition, some "black-hearted" bosses do not hesitate to use "technology and hard work" for the benefit, such as taking duck meat as pork and taking scraps back for private processing.

Can air fryer cause cancer?

Air fryer has been very popular in recent years, but at the same time, there are negative news about cancer. The reason why the air fryer is labeled as carcinogenic is that it will cause some chemical and physical reactions of food when it works, and produce a substance called acrylamide.

Acrylamide was listed as a Class 2A carcinogen by the World Health Organization earlier, because it is generally believed that using air fryers will cause cancer.

It does make sense to look at it, but in fact it can’t stand scrutiny at all. The so-called class 2A carcinogen refers to "there is sufficient evidence to prove that it is carcinogenic to animals, but it is still impossible to prove whether it is carcinogenic to humans".

It is totally unnecessary to say that we feel carcinogenic when we hear acrylamide, and we are afraid. Because the "hot drinks above 65℃" and "staying up late" we often encounter are all Class 2A carcinogens.

What’s more, acrylamide is mainly the product of Maillard reaction between asparagine and reducing sugar, and Maillard reaction may occur in many processes that require high temperature cooking. Even if you use frying pan and frying pan instead of air frying pan, Maillard reaction may occur.

In addition, a study published in Food Science pointed out that compared with frying, the content of acrylamide can be greatly reduced by 90%.

Can baking food in an electric oven cause cancer?

Some people may say, since barbecue with an open flame will cause cancer, will cooking food in an electric oven also cause cancer?

This question is indeed very referential. After all, the popularity of electric ovens is very high now, and it is almost a necessity for every family.

As we said earlier, there are certain prerequisites for the production of carcinogens, and high temperature is one of the very important factors. Different from barbecue with naked fire, the advantage of electric oven is that the food will not directly contact with the heat source, so it will not produce lampblack, and the current electric oven can basically control the temperature and heat evenly, so it will not cause the local temperature of food to be too high.

Therefore, when roasting meat in an electric oven, as long as the temperature is controlled below 180℃ and the time is appropriate, observe and adjust the temperature at any time to avoid the food surface being burnt or burnt, you don’t have to worry too much about the influence of carcinogens.

How to reduce the harm of barbecue?

If you want to relieve your craving and reduce the health hazards of barbecue, you may wish to take a look at the following methods.

① Marinate the ingredients before baking.

What we are talking about here is not salting, but salting meat ingredients with seasonings rich in antioxidants such as garlic juice, lemon juice, rosemary or cinnamon powder. Studies have shown that this can reduce the generation of carcinogens.

② Remember to remove the burnt part.

Some people like to eat the burnt part, which is absolutely unacceptable, because the content of carcinogens in the burnt food is often higher. So when eating barbecue, try to remove the burnt part.

③ Wrap the ingredients before baking.

When barbecuing, you can wrap the ingredients with tin foil or lotus leaves before baking, because this will leave the lost water between the "coat" and the meat, and form a gap full of hot steam, so that the food will have the effect of steaming and baking, and the temperature will not rise so fast, avoiding too much carcinogen smoke from entering the ingredients.

④ Try to use less fat meat.

The fatter the meat, the more fat it means, and the more carcinogens it produces during barbecue. Therefore, try not to choose too fat meat when choosing ingredients.

References:

Li Tongtong. The Secret of Barbecue Flavor: Maillard Reaction [J]. Food and Health, 2018 (4): 2. DOI: 10.3969/j.ISSN.1004-0137.2018.04.042.

Tan Shunzhong, Cheng Yan, Yang Wenwu, et al. Pollution and health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in barbecue [J]. Food Industry Science and Technology, 2019,40 (9): 6. DOI: 10.13386/j.ISSN 1002-0306.2019.09.037.

Ke Wei. Concerned about the carcinogenicity of acrylamide [J]. Journal of Bioengineering, 2003, 19(3).

Wang Silu. Revealing the Carcinogenic Truth of Air Fryer [J]. Food and Health, 2020.

Published by People’s Health Publishing House. Safety on the Tip of the Tongue (Volume 4)

Read the original text