Xinhua News Agency, December 21st: Scientific prevention and control, taking it easy — — Review of flood control and fighting in 2016

　　Xinhua News Agency reporters Hou Xuejing and Wang Libin

　　This year, under the severe test of the north-south flood disaster, the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, the meticulous organization, scientific scheduling and full response of the State General Administration of Defense, the General Administration of Flood Control in all river basins and the local party committees, governments and flood control and drought relief headquarters, and the concerted efforts and tenacious struggle of the broad masses of soldiers and civilians in Qi Xin ensured the safety of people’s lives and property to the greatest extent. According to statistics, compared with the average value of the same period since 2000, the affected area of crops, affected population, dead population and collapsed houses decreased by 14%, 27%, 49% and 57% respectively. The whole country won the victory of flood control and flood fighting at the least cost, and spent a very unsettled year in 2016.

　　Deploy ahead of time and build a "responsibility levee" for flood control and flood fighting.

　　Affected by the super El Ni? o event, this year, the whole country entered the flood season early and lasted for a long time, and rare storms and floods occurred in many places. 473 rivers in 28 provinces across the country exceeded the police. Taihu Lake has the second highest water level in history. The biggest flood occurred in the Yangtze River basin since 1998. The biggest flood occurred in the south of Haihe River since 1996. Eight typhoons landed in China, four of which reached the magnitude of strong typhoon … …

　　"Starting from the most unfavorable situation, work hard in the best direction!" The National Defense General Administration and the Ministry of Water Resources put all their efforts into flood control and flood fighting, and held a plenary meeting of the National Defense General Administration one month in advance; Flood control inspection one month in advance; "One province, one order" will be rectified within a limited time, and the implementation will be urged; Revise and improve the emergency plan for flood control and drought relief & HELIP; … In this flood season, the leaders of the National Defense General and the Ministry of Water Resources held daily rolling consultations, and video conferences were held several times during the critical period of "seven downs and eight ups" for re-deployment and re-implementation.

　　The main responsible comrades of local party committees and governments at all levels personally deployed and commanded, and implemented their responsibilities. At the critical moment of flood control in the Yangtze River, the National Defense General announced for the first time the list of 885 grass-roots administrative responsible persons in important dike sections, with detailed responsibility decomposition to ensure that "one section and one responsibility" is taken care of by special personnel and the dike is impregnable. In all river basins, provinces and cities, the responsibilities are clearly defined step by step, and the pressure is transmitted layer by layer, so as to build a "responsibility levee" for flood control and flood fighting.

　　Fighting floods is a battlefield and an examination room. Organized in an orderly way, flood control and flood fighting are powerful, orderly and calm.

　　Rolling revision of large-scale flood control key reservoirs in the Yangtze River, Taihu Lake, Haihe River and Yellow River basins. According to the characteristics of different river basins, different flood types and different defense requirements, the emergency response to flood control and typhoon prevention was launched 19 times.

　　In reservoir dispatching, dam defense, mass transfer and secondary disaster prevention, at the critical juncture of flood control and flood fighting, the National Defense General has sent more than 320 working groups, expert groups and supervision teams to the front line.

　　At the critical moment when it is difficult to connect flood-fighting and emergency materials, the Ministry of Finance of the State Administration of Defense arranged a huge subsidy of 3.767 billion yuan for flood control and drought relief, fully supporting the local authorities to do all kinds of prevention and response work.

　　Scientific scheduling, water conservancy projects become the mainstay.

　　Compared with more than 9000 dangerous places in the Yangtze River embankment in 1998, there are only 50 general dangerous places in the Yangtze River embankment this year. The direct economic loss of Taihu Lake Basin due to the disaster was 7.528 billion yuan, accounting for 0.12% of the basin’s GDP(2014), far lower than 7.8% in 1991 and 1.6% in 1999, which created a miracle that no one died or disappeared due to the disaster.

　　The decisive battle for the catastrophic flood in 2016 was a comprehensive test of the remarkable improvement of comprehensive national strength in the past 38 years of reform and opening up, and a grand "baptism" was held for the Chinese forces fighting floods and floods in a special form.

　　Natural disasters are unfortunate, but fortunately, the level of flood control and flood fighting ability in China is not what it used to be.

　　The flood control system is more perfect. After the flood in 1998, the state invested nearly 30 billion yuan to speed up the reinforcement of the Yangtze River trunk dike, making the 3,900-kilometer standardized dike "strong and strong". This is a microcosm of the remarkable improvement of the country’s disaster prevention capability. Up to now, China has built 98,000 reservoirs with a total storage capacity of 932.3 billion cubic meters.

　　The hard "card" of engineering system is in hand, and the guarantee of non-engineering system is strong. Since 2011, the state has invested 27.9 billion yuan, realizing the basic coverage of the monitoring network in the mountain flood disaster prevention and control area.

　　Engineering scheduling is more scientific. "If the Three Gorges Reservoir and the Upper and Middle Reaches Reservoir jointly dispatch reservoirs to cut peaks and store floods during the flood season this year, the consequences will be very serious." Zhang Jiatuan, inspector and spokesperson of the National Defense Office, said.

　　At the critical stage of flood control in July, the Three Gorges and the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River were jointly dispatched, and the flood in the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River was stopped by 22.7 billion cubic meters, which reduced the flood peak level of the upper reaches of Chenglingji in Dongting Lake by 0.8-1.7 meters, the flood peak level of Chenglingji in Dongting Lake by 0.7 meters, and the flood peak level of the lower reaches of Wuhan by 0.2-0.4 meters, thus realizing that the Shangjing River does not exceed the police, the flood storage and detention areas near Chenglingji in Dongting Lake do not divide floods, and the important dikes of the Yangtze River do not It is precisely because of the interception of the Three Gorges Project that the comprehensive benefits of the reservoirs are maximized.

　　Join forces to fight floods, and all directions help to show institutional advantages.

　　During the flood season this year, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council made immediate arrangements, all members of the National Defense General performed their duties, and all localities and departments worked together and acted quickly, forming a strong joint force to unite and fight floods.

　　The People’s Liberation Army (PLA) and the Armed Police Force (CAPF) gave full play to the role of the main force and commandos, rescued and transferred more than 700,000 people, reinforced more than 1,000 kilometers of dams and grabbed more than 1,200 kilometers of access roads. The public security department dispatched 2.36 million police officers to evacuate, transfer and rescue more than 2.35 million trapped people, effectively maintaining social order in the disaster areas.

　　Modern flood control and fighting is a battle of ability and strength.

　　The National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Finance increased their support for water conservancy construction and flood fighting and disaster relief. The Ministry of Finance allocated 15.48 billion yuan for flood control and drought relief, and the Ministry of Civil Affairs and the Ministry of Finance allocated 7.906 billion yuan to urgently allocate 41,000 tents, 166,000 beds (pieces) of clothing and other central materials to the hardest hit areas such as Hubei, Jiangsu and Hebei.

　　The transportation of materials is the lifeblood of modern flood control and flood fighting.

　　The transportation and railway departments quickly repaired the roads and railways damaged by water, successfully rescued more than 300 people in distress at sea and more than 40 ships, and realized the prevention of strong typhoons twice without casualties. The Ministry of Agriculture organizes fishing boats to return to Hong Kong to take shelter from the wind and guide the disaster areas to resume agricultural production.

　　Modern flood control is also a public health war.

　　Health and family planning departments have strengthened health and epidemic prevention, treating more than 800,000 patients and killing more than 300 million square meters in the environment.

　　Industry and information, housing and construction, commerce, safety supervision, energy and other departments do their jobs and serve the overall situation.

　　… …

　　The socialist system fully demonstrates its advantages of concentrating on doing great things.

　　Life is paramount, and 14.61 million people in danger zones have been transferred ahead of schedule — — Almost equal to the population of a medium-sized country in Europe, and ensure that the affected people have food, shelter and medical treatment when they are sick … … This is a party and government that is highly responsible for the safety of people’s lives and respects and fears life.

On November 17, the 21st Guangzhou International Automobile Exhibition opened at the China Import and Export Fair Complex. The exhibition will last for ten days and bring together the latest masterpieces of many global car brands. There are a large number of new cars on display at this year’s auto show, including nearly 60 world premieres. Interface News has been screened and sorted out 15 models for reference.

Key words: household MPV/8295 chip/dual cavity suspension + rear wheel steering

Xiaopeng X9 officially opened the pre-sale at this Guangzhou Auto Show. The pre-sale price starts from 388,000 yuan. The discounts provided include intention deduction, lifetime quality assurance of the first owner and lock-in of listing rights and interests.

The new car comes standard with dual-cavity air suspension and rear wheel steering. The appearance adopts a slip-back design, and the fold lines are all over the whole car, which is a unique shape. In terms of interior and intelligence, Xiaopeng X9 is equipped with a double-spoke steering wheel, a floating full LCD instrument and a central control car machine with Qualcomm Snapdragon 8295 chip and XOS Tianji system, and three rows of electric seats can be folded. The high-end version is equipped with dual lidar, which can realize high-speed/urban navigation auxiliary features.

In terms of power and battery life, Xiaopeng X9 provides single-motor and dual-motor versions, with a maximum power of 319 horsepower for a single motor, the same 319 horsepower for the front motor of the dual motor, and 183 horsepower for the rear motor. New carEquipped with 84.5kWh and 101.5kWh battery packs, it offers three battery life versions up to 702km.

Keywords: mid-size car/229,900/Krypton first car

Extreme Krypton Auto’s fourth model, Extreme Krypton 007, officially opened pre-sale at the Guangzhou Auto Show, starting at 229,900 RMB, providing a deposit deduction of 1,000 yuan.

The vehicle is built on the PMA2 + platform and is positioned as a mid-size sedan. It integrates some of the hottest technologies in the electric vehicle market, including an 800V electrical architecture, a Snapdragon 8295 chip, a dual-winged front independent suspension, and lidar.

The headlights are one of the highlights of the new car. They are equipped with an integrated light screen and provide custom lamp language settings. In addition, they are also equipped with double fork arm front independent suspension and 3 lidars to enhance product power.In terms of power, the polar krypton 007 is based on the 800V architecture and is equipped with a silicon carbide rear motor. The power of the single motor version is 421 horsepower; the power of the front and rear motors of the dual motor version is 224 horsepower and 421 horsepower respectively, and the acceleration time of the four-wheel drive model is 2.84 seconds. The standard battery life version CLTC has a comprehensive battery life of 688km, and the super long battery life version CLTC has a comprehensive battery life of 870km.

Key words: pure electric MPV/ideal first pure electric type/Ningde 5C Kirin battery

Li Auto’s first pure electric product, Ideal MEGA, was officially unveiled and opened for blind ordering. It is expected to be priced within 600,000 yuan. The new car is based on the PMA2 + platform and is positioned for medium and large MPV models. The new car is equipped with 800V electrical architecture and Snapdragon 8295 chip.

In terms of design, the ideal MEGA adopts a simple style and is committed to reducing wind resistance. The wind resistance coefficient reaches 0.215 Cd, which is comparable to that of the Taycan car. The car is equipped with three rows of seven seats, the longitudinal length of the trunk is 680mm, and the third row of seats can be folded or turned up, with a maximum depth of 1066mm.

In terms of power, the new car is equipped with 542 horsepower motor, peak torque 542 Nm, zero hundred kilometers acceleration time 5.5 seconds. Equipped with Ningde Times 5C Kirin battery, energy density 170Wh/kg, support fast charging, 12 minutes to supplement 500km battery life. Net end energy consumption 15.9kWh/100km. Ideal also plans to build more than 300 super charging stations, reaching more than 3,000 by 2025.

Keywords: medium and large SUV/24 Spring Festival open reservation/hard shape return

The new generation of domestic Prado was officially unveiled at the Guangzhou Auto Show and will be available for pre-order in the Spring Festival of 2024. The model has been launched in the North American market, starting at $50,000, about 360,000 yuan.

The new Prado design returns to the classic, offering a regular version of the square lamp and a 1958 classic version of the round lamp, body sizeIt has entered the field of medium and large SUVs, similar to the LC200 Land Cruiser. The interior features a modern design, with a 12.3-inch central control display and a full LCD instrument panel.

In terms of driving assistance, equipped with the TSS 3.0 system, the functionality is greatly improved. In terms of power system, the domestic version adopts the T24A-FTS gasoline 2.4T hybrid system, which is matched with an 8-speed automatic transmission, with a maximum power of 330 horsepower and a peak torque of 630 Nm. ForOther markets,Prado hiProvide 2.4T gasoline version, 2.8T diesel light mixed version, 2.8T diesel version, 2.7L gasoline version and other power options.

Keywords: mid-size SUV/Zero Running The first global product

Zero RunNew SUV models were unveiled at the Guangzhou Auto ShowC10,New car for the companyThe first global product under the LEAP 3.0 technology architecture,Equipped with four-leaf clover central integrated electronic and electrical architecture and other technologies.

The Zero Run C10 is positioned as a medium-sized pure electric SUV. In terms of power, it is equipped with a drive motor with a maximum power of 170 kW. In terms of battery technology, it adopts CTC 2.0 battery chassis integration technology and is equipped with a lithium iron phosphate battery pack, which ensures excellent power performance and battery life.

In terms of intelligent assisted driving, the C10 is loaded withautonomyThe developed Lingxin 01 intelligent driving chip is close to the L3-level intelligent driving assistance function and is equipped with roof lidar.The remaining configurations includeComfort features such as panoramic canopy and rear privacy glass.

Key words: medium and large cars/45 to 540,000 yuan/Chinese version models more than 11 luxury configurations

On the first day of the Guangzhou Auto Show, the new generation E-Class of Beijing Benz officially opened for pre-sale, with a price range of 45 to 540,000 yuan. The model has undergone significant design updates, especially the front face part, which adopts the technological Mercedes-Benz logo grille. The domestic version has an increased wheelbase compared to the overseas version, which is longer than 3 meters, aiming to provide a spacious rear row space.

The new generation E-Class adopts the hidden door handle design for the first time, and the interior adopts the latest family design. The third-generation MBUX intelligent human-machine interaction system of the car and machine. The domestic Mercedes-Benz E-Class is the first luxury brand model equipped with Qualcomm 8295 smart cockpit chip. It integrates a variety of popular APPs to improve the experience and integration. The E-Class in the Chinese market has added 11 luxury and comfortable configurations, such as extended rear seats, electric adjustable leg braces and surround ambient lights. In terms of intelligence, it realizes L2 +-level navigation-assisted driving, supports high-speed and urban expressway autonomous driving functions, and is more adaptable to local driving conditions.

Key words: medium and large cars/the first pure electric 5 series/launched in early 24

New BMW 5 Series Long Axle EditionAt the Guangzhou Auto ShowWorld premiere, and at the same time launched the first pure electric version of the 5 Series i5 in history. The new car uses the fifth-generation BMW eDrive electric drive technology, including battery preheating management and support for high-power charging, with a range of up to 700 kilometers. The new BMW 5 Series is scheduled to go on sale at the end of January 2024, and deliveries will begin one after another.

In terms of power, the BMW i5 is available in both Drive 40 and M60 xDrive configurations. The Drive 40 version is equipped with a rear motor, with a maximum output of 340 horsepower and a peak torque of 430 Nm. The Zero 100km acceleration time is 6.0 seconds, and the top speed is 193km/h. The higher-performance M60 xDrive version is equipped with dual motors, with a maximum output of 601 horsepower and a peak torque of 820 Nm. The Zero 100km acceleration time is 3.8 seconds, and the top speed is limited to 230km/h.

Key words: medium and large vehicles/vast architecture/Integrated luminous front face

At the 2023 Guangzhou Auto Show, Geely Automobile showcased its fully electric mid-size sedan, the Galaxy E8, based on the SEA’s vast architecture. This architecture is a new electric vehicle platform independently developed by Geely Automobile, which is highly modular and flexible to adapt to the development needs of different types of electric vehicles. New carequipThe world’s first mass-produced integrated luminous front face,OkAchieve a variety of luminous effects.

In terms of power, the Galaxy E8 is purely electric.The top model isDual motor four-wheel drive system, the maximum power of the front motor is 222 horsepower, and the rear motor is 418 horsepowerThe combined output is close to 647 horsepowerThe model is the first sedan based on the SEA’s vast architecture, which has been used in several SUVs and MPVs such as the Krypton 001 and Lotus ELETRE.

Keywords: medium-sized SUV/new energy series first model/16.69 to 188,900 yuan

Jietu brand unveils new mid-size SUVModelShanhai L9,The new car isThe first model of Jietu’s new energy product series, using Kunlun off-road platform and Kunpeng C-DM technology, has been launched inbeforeListed on the 14th.new carFour models are available in the price range of 16.69.to188,900 yuan. The body design is inspired by mountains and seas and is available in six exterior colors.

The interior is surrounded by a horizontal design, equipped with a full LCD instrument panel and a 15.6-inch central control screen. The interior is available in two color schemes: spring green and dark black. The car system is equipped with Qualcomm Snapdragon 8155 chip and equipped with L2 intelligent driver assistance system.In terms of power, Shanhai L9 adopts Kunpeng super hybrid C-DM technology, with a maximum power of 155 horsepower, a peak torque of 220Nm, and a maximum power of 268 horsepower for dual motors. Systemmaximum comprehensivePower 424 horsepower. Equipped with Guoxuan Gaoke ternary lithium battery pack, pure electric battery life is 108km, and comprehensive battery life is 1100km.

Key words: medium-sized car/or equipped with Xiaopeng car machine

The ID.7 VIZZION, an all-electric mid-size sedan owned by FAW-Volkswagen, made its debut at the Guangzhou Auto Show and is based on the MEB platform. It is regarded as an "electric version of Maiteng". The new car faces competitors such as Tesla Model 3, Xiaopeng P7, and BYD Han. It enhances its youthful image with a hatchback tailgate and a slip-back design.

In terms of interior, the ID.7 VIZZION adopts a new design language, is equipped with a slender full LCD instrument, and the 15-inch center console is tilted towards the driver’s side, retaining the air conditioning adjustment panel. In terms of intelligence, it is equipped with the ID. OS 2.0 car system(Domestic models may have XPeng Motors participating in the development of vehicles)Travel Assist 3.0 intelligent driver assistance system and hidden intelligent air conditioner, AR-HUD assisted driver information display. In terms of power configuration, single motor and dual motor are provided, with a maximum output of 204 horsepower for a single motor and a maximum output of 313 horsepower for a dual motor.

It should be noted that more than half a year has passed since the ID.7 was unveiled, and in the face of the Model 3, P7i and other models that have been revamped, the time window left for the public is narrowing.

Keywords: Huawei Smart Choice Car The first sedan/over 10,000 reservations

Huawei Smart Choice Car Business’s first sedan, Smart S7Also participated in this Guangzhou Auto Show. Zhijie S7 is a product cooperated by Huawei and Chery Automobilemedium and largeCar, the body length is about 5 meters, the wheelbase is 2.95 meters, the design is simple and technological, and the wind resistance coefficient is 0.203. Built on the Chery E0X high-end intelligent electric platform, with a battery life of more than 800km and an 800V high-voltage charging platform.

Yu Chengdong said,Huawei Smart S7 is committed to surpassing Model S in intelligence, safety, comfort and performance. Its intelligent cockpit system features include Hongmeng 4.0 cockpit capability and Pangu model to enhance human-machine interaction experience. Equipped with Huawei ADS 2.0 high-end driver assistance system, it will open the national urban pilot service before the end of the year, adding intelligent driving unmanned parking function, support for off-vehicle control and automatic parking search.currentlyThe S7 has received more than 10,000 bookings.

Keywords: Wuling’s first car/9.38 to 109,800 yuan/plug-in hybrid, pure electric optional

Wuling StarlightexistThe Guangzhou Auto Show announced its pre-sale price, launching two models, the 70 Standard Edition and the 150 Advanced Edition, with a pre-sale price of 9.38.toBetween 109,800 yuan.

In terms of interior, Wuling Starlight offers two interior color schemes: dark black and light sand, equipped with a double-spoke multi-function steering wheel, a suspended large-size central control screen and an LCD instrument. In terms of riding space, the front seats can be reclined 180 ° and connected to the rear seat cushions to form a lounge chair, and the rear aisle is 390mm wide. The trunk space is 540L, and there is a 33L hidden storage compartment below.

In terms of power, the pure electric version is equipped with a maximum power of 1.36 horsepowerElectric motor; plug-in hybrid version with 1.5L engine and electric motor, engineMaximum power106 horsepower.

Keywords: crossover/29.99 to 399,900 yuan/insured price

On the eve of the Guangzhou Auto Show, Polaris announced that its new Polaris 4 will be delivered in the Chinese market in December, with a price range of 299,900 to 399,900 yuan.The model will be insured until December 31, 2024.

Polaris plans to launch a phone designed by Meizu and Gothenburg’s Polaris team, powered by the Polaris operating system and built on the Fly-me Auto platform. The phone will be seamlessly connected to the Polaris 4, providing software sharing, network connectivity and other functions.

In terms of power, Polaris 4 offers single-motor and dual-motor versions, with a maximum power of 400kW, about 542 horsepower, a 102kWh battery, a zero-kilometer acceleration of 3.8 seconds, a battery life of 500 to 600km, and a maximum cruising range of 709km under CLTC conditions.

Keywords: large SUV/Huawei blessing/expected 50 to 600,000 yuan

At the 2023 Guangzhou Auto Show, AITO officially showcased the new model Q Jie M9, which has been pre-sold. The price of the extended range version and the pure electric version is expected to beFinallyAt 50.to600,000 yuan, is expected to be listed in December.

The M9 is positioned as a large SUV and adopts the design language of "Kunpeng Spreading Wings".The overall style emphasizes luxuryClosed front face and polygonal headlight seteye-catching shape,equipSmart lightshaveBoost interactivity with straight side lines, hidden door handles and low drag rims to optimize drag to 0.26cd.

The interior adopts a triple screen layout, integrated AR HUD function, and wood grain trim panels are added to the door panels and other places. Equipped with smart assistant, Hongmeng 4.0 cockpit, Huawei ADS high-end automatic driving assistance, etc.In terms of power, the Qjie M9 is available in both extended range and pure electric versions. The peak power of the pure electric model is 216 horsepower and 311 horsepower.It is worth noting that this Guangzhou Auto Show Hongmeng Zhixing exhibited at an independent booth for the first time

Keywords: supercar/Lamborghini’s last V10 self-priming model/Asia-Pacific debut

Lamborghini celebrated its 60th anniversary at the 2023 Guangzhou Auto Show with the launch of the Huracán Tecnica 60th Anniversary Limited Edition, a limited edition of 60 cars. The model marked the debut of Lamborghini’s last all-fuel V10 model and its Asia-Pacific debut.

Externally, the body is decorated with smooth green latte flowers, following the characteristic shape of Huracán Tecnica. The front envelope has a three-pronged ventilation opening, and the front diverter is equipped with a baffle to improve downforce and cooling. There are 60 numbers on the side, and 20-inch bright black wheels with red brake calipers.

In terms of power, it is equipped with a 5.2-liter naturally aspirated V10 engine with a maximum power of 640 horsepower and a maximum torque of 565 Nm. It is matched with a 7-speed dual-clutch transmission and a four-wheel drive system, and the acceleration time of zero hundred kilometers is only 3.2 seconds. The new car adopts a recalibrated Lamborghini LDVI vehicle dynamic control system, multiple driving modes, specially adjusted suspension settings, rear wheel steering and an optimized brake cooling system to improve road and track driving performance.

The State Council on printing and distributing the national

Notice of the Outline of Ecological Environment Protection

Guo Fa [2000] No.38　　

People’s governments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, ministries and commissions and institutions directly under the State Council:

The "National Outline of Ecological Environmental Protection" formulated by the State Environmental Protection Administration in conjunction with relevant departments is hereby printed and distributed to you. Please conscientiously implement it in light of the actual situation of this region and this department.

All regions and relevant departments should, according to the National Outline of Ecological Environment Protection, formulate their own ecological environment protection plans, actively take measures to intensify ecological environment protection, reverse the deterioration trend of the ecological environment, and work hard to achieve the grand goal of beautiful mountains and rivers in the motherland.

State Council　　　　　　　　　　　　

November 26th, 2000　　　

National Outline of Ecological Environment Protection

Ecological environmental protection is a great cause and grand project that contributes to the present and benefits future generations. Persistently doing a good job in ecological environment protection is the need to ensure the healthy development of economy and society and realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. In order to fully implement the sustainable development strategy, implement the basic national policy of environmental protection, consolidate the achievements of ecological construction, and strive to achieve the grand goal of beautiful mountains and rivers in the motherland, this outline is specially formulated.

First, the current national ecological environment protection situation

(1) Achievements and existing problems in the current ecological environment protection work.

1. The national ecological environment protection has made certain achievements. Since the reform and opening up, the Party and the government have attached great importance to environmental protection, adopted a series of major measures to protect and improve the ecological environment, and intensified the construction of the ecological environment, which has effectively protected and improved the ecological environment in some areas of China. Mainly manifested in: afforestation, soil and water conservation, grassland construction and land improvement and other key ecological projects have made progress; The key prevention and control projects of soil and water conservation in the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River were fully implemented; The protection of natural forest resources in key areas and the project of returning farmland to forests and grasslands have started; A number of different types of nature reserves, scenic spots and forest parks have been established; The pilot demonstration of ecological agriculture and the construction of ecological demonstration areas have developed steadily; The legal system for environmental protection has been gradually improved.

2. The national ecological environment is still facing a grim situation. At present, the trend of ecological environment deterioration in some areas has not been effectively curbed, and the scope of ecological environment damage is expanding, the degree is increasing and the harm is increasing. The outstanding performance is as follows: the deterioration of the ecological environment at the source of the Yangtze River, the Yellow River and other major rivers is accelerating, and the important lakes and wetlands along the river are shrinking day by day, especially in the northern region, where rivers are cut off, lakes are dried up, and the groundwater level is seriously reduced, which has aggravated the harm of floods, vegetation degradation and land desertification; Over-grazing, over-reclamation and firewood harvesting in grassland areas, and deforestation in forested areas and forested areas have led to the destruction of forest and grass vegetation, the decline of ecological functions and the intensification of soil erosion; The indiscriminate exploitation and excavation of mineral resources, especially the improper development along the river, coast and slope, lead to frequent geological disasters such as collapse, landslide, debris flow, ground collapse, settlement and seawater intrusion; The area of wild animal and plant species-rich areas in China has been decreasing, the habitat environment of rare wild animals and plants has deteriorated, the number of precious medicinal wild plants has dropped sharply, and the total amount of biological resources has decreased; Coastal waters are seriously polluted, marine fishery resources are declining, coral reefs and mangroves are destroyed, and coastal erosion is prominent. The continued deterioration of the ecological environment will seriously affect the sustainable development of China’s economy and society and the national ecological environment security.

(B) the current reasons for the deterioration of the ecological environment.

3. Unreasonable development and utilization of resources is the main reason for the deterioration of ecological environment. In some areas, the awareness of environmental protection is not strong, and development is emphasized over protection, construction over maintenance, and resources are exploited in a predatory and extensive way, which exceeds the carrying capacity of the ecological environment. Some departments and units have weak supervision, lax law enforcement and poor management, which has led to many phenomena of ecological environment destruction, which has aggravated the degradation of the ecological environment. At the same time, the lack of investment in ecological environment protection and construction for a long time is also an important reason for the deterioration of the ecological environment. It is a long-term and arduous task for us to effectively solve the contradictions and problems of ecological environment protection.

II. Guiding ideology, basic principles and objectives of national ecological environmental protection

(a) the guiding ideology and basic principles of national ecological environmental protection.

4. The guiding ideology of national ecological environmental protection. Hold high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory, focus on implementing the strategy of sustainable development and promoting the transformation of economic growth mode, aim at improving the quality of ecological environment and safeguarding the national ecological environment security, closely focus on key areas and key ecological environment issues, make unified planning, give classified guidance, promote by regions, strengthen the rule of law, strictly supervise, resolutely crack down on man-made destruction of ecological environment, mobilize and organize the whole society, protect and improve the ability of natural recovery, consolidate the achievements of ecological construction, and strive to curb the trend of ecological environment deterioration, in order to achieve

5. Basic principles of national ecological environment protection. Adhere to both ecological environment protection and ecological environment construction. While strengthening the construction of ecological environment, we must adhere to the principle of giving priority to protection, giving priority to prevention and combining prevention with control, and completely reverse the passive situation of destruction while building in some areas.

Pay equal attention to pollution prevention and ecological environment protection. We should give full consideration to the mutual influence and function of regional and river basin environmental pollution and ecological environment destruction, adhere to the unified planning of pollution prevention and ecological environment protection, implement them simultaneously, organically combine urban and rural pollution prevention and ecological environment protection, and strive to realize the integration of urban and rural environmental protection.

Adhere to overall planning, comprehensive decision-making and rational development. Correctly handle the relationship between resource development and environmental protection, and insist on developing in protection and protecting in development. Economic development must follow the laws of nature, unify the short-term and long-term, and give consideration to the local and overall situation. The carrying capacity of ecological environment must be fully considered in resource development activities, and immediate and local economic benefits must never be exchanged at the expense of ecological environment.

Adhere to the system of who develops and protects, who destroys and restores, and who uses and pays. It is necessary to clarify the rights, responsibilities and benefits of ecological environment protection and make full use of legal, economic, administrative and technical means to protect the ecological environment.

(2) The goal of national ecological environment protection.

6. The goal of national ecological environmental protection is to curb the destruction of ecological environment and reduce the harm of natural disasters through ecological environmental protection; Promote the rational and scientific utilization of natural resources and realize a virtuous circle of natural ecosystems; Maintain the national ecological environment security and ensure the sustainable development of the national economy and society.

Short-term goals. By 2010, the trend of ecological environment destruction will be basically curbed. Build a number of ecological function protection zones, and strive to protect and restore the ecosystems and ecological functions of the source areas of major rivers such as the Yangtze River and the Yellow River, important lakes and wetlands in the Yangtze River and Songhua River basins, southwest and northwest regions, important oases in the northwest, key prevention and protection areas for soil and water conservation and key supervision areas; While doing a good job in the construction and management of existing nature reserves, we should pay close attention to the construction of a number of new nature reserves, so that all kinds of good natural ecosystems and important species can be effectively protected; Establish and improve the ecological environment protection supervision system, so that the ecological environment protection measures can be effectively implemented, all kinds of development activities in key resource development zones are carried out in strict accordance with the plan, and the recovery rate of ecological environment damage has been greatly improved; Strengthen the construction of ecological demonstration areas and eco-agricultural counties, and some counties (cities, districts) in China will basically realize a virtuous circle of beautiful mountains and rivers and natural ecosystems.

Long-term goals. By 2030, comprehensively curb the deterioration of the ecological environment, effectively protect the ecological environment of important ecological function areas, species-rich areas and key resource development zones, and improve the ecological environment of the source areas of the first-class tributaries of major water systems and the national key protected wetlands; Some important ecosystems have been rebuilt and restored; 50% of counties (cities, districts) in China have achieved a virtuous circle of beautiful mountains and rivers and natural ecosystems, and more than 30% of cities have reached the standards of eco-city and garden city. By 2050, we will strive to improve the national ecological environment in an all-round way, achieve a clean urban and rural environment and a virtuous circle of natural ecosystems, and achieve the grand goal of beautiful mountains and rivers in most parts of the country.

Three, the main contents and requirements of the national ecological environment protection

(a) the ecological environment protection of important ecological function areas.

7. Establish ecological function protection zones. Important ecological functional areas, such as river source areas, important water conservation areas, key prevention and protection areas and key supervision areas for soil and water conservation, river flood storage areas, windbreak and sand fixation areas and important fishery waters, play an important role in maintaining the ecological balance of river basins and regions, alleviating natural disasters and ensuring the national and regional ecological environment security. The existing vegetation and natural ecosystems in these areas should be strictly protected, and the ecological function protection zones should be established and protective measures should be implemented to prevent the destruction of the ecological environment and the degradation of ecological functions. Important ecological function areas across provinces, key river basins and key regions, and establish national ecological function protection zones; Cross-regional (city) and county (city) important ecological function zones, and establish provincial and prefecture (city) level ecological function protection zones.

8. Take the following protective measures for ecological function protection areas: stop all development activities and other man-made sabotage activities that lead to the continued degradation of ecological functions; Stop all construction projects that cause serious environmental pollution; Strictly control the population growth, and necessary immigration measures should be taken if the population in the area has exceeded the carrying capacity; Change the extensive mode of production and management, take the road of eco-economic development, and combine the ecological environment construction measures to seriously organize reconstruction and restoration of the damaged important ecosystems, so as to curb the deterioration trend of the ecological environment as soon as possible.

9. The establishment of various ecological function protection zones shall be reviewed by the environmental protection departments at all levels in conjunction with relevant departments and submitted to the government at the same level for approval. The management of ecological function protected areas is mainly based on local governments, and national ecological function protected areas can be managed by institutions appointed by provincial governments. Among them, after the cross-provincial areas are approved by the national unified planning, they are managed by provinces according to their territories; Governments at all levels should give active support to the construction of ecological function protection zones; Agriculture, forestry, water conservancy, environmental protection, land and resources and other relevant departments should strengthen supervision over the management, protection and construction of ecological function protected areas in accordance with their respective responsibilities.

(2) Protection of the ecological environment in the development of key resources.

10. Effectively strengthen the environmental management of important natural resources such as water, land, forests, grasslands, oceans and minerals, and strictly protect the ecological environment in the development and utilization of resources. The development of all kinds of natural resources must abide by relevant laws and regulations, and fulfill the procedures of ecological environment impact assessment according to law; The key construction projects of resource development shall be compiled with water and soil conservation plans, otherwise construction shall not be started.

11. Ecological environment protection of water resources development and utilization. The development and utilization of water resources should be balanced in the whole basin, with a comprehensive balance between production, living and ecological water use, with equal emphasis on open source and throttling, priority on throttling, pollution control as the foundation, scientific open source and comprehensive utilization. Establish a control system for high-water consumption projects in water-deficient areas, gradually adjust high-water consumption industries in water-deficient areas, stop new high-water consumption projects, and ensure ecological water use in the basin. In river basins and areas where rivers are cut off, lakes are shrinking and groundwater is overexploited, new water storage, water diversion and irrigation projects that aggravate the imbalance of water balance should be stopped; Reasonable control of groundwater exploitation to achieve a balance between mining and compensation; In areas where groundwater is seriously over-exploited, delimit the forbidden mining area of groundwater, and pay close attention to cleaning up unreasonable pumping facilities to prevent large-scale underground funnels and surface collapse. Continue to strengthen the control of sulfur dioxide and acid rain, and rationally develop, utilize and protect atmospheric water resources; For lakes and rivers that are reclaimed without authorization, it is necessary to return farmland to lakes and water within a time limit. Through scientific monitoring and evaluation and functional zoning, standardize the sewage discharge permit system and the sewage outlet management system. It is strictly forbidden to dump garbage and construction and industrial wastes into water bodies, further intensify the control of water pollution, especially in key rivers and lakes, and speed up the construction of urban sewage treatment facilities and centralized garbage treatment facilities. Strengthen the control of agricultural non-point source pollution, encourage the recycling of livestock manure, ensure the discharge of aquaculture wastewater up to standard, and strictly control the application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer in areas where nitrogen and phosphorus seriously exceed the standard.

12. Ecological environment protection of land resources development and utilization. According to the overall land use planning, implement the land use control system, clarify the responsibility of land contractors for ecological environment protection, strengthen the protection of ecological land, and freeze the requisition of grassland, woodland and wetland with important ecological functions. If the construction project really needs to occupy ecological land, it should be submitted for approval and compensated in strict accordance with the law, and the system of "one for one" should be implemented to ensure that the restoration area is not less than the occupied area. Strengthen the supervision of ecological environment protection for major infrastructure construction such as transportation, energy and water conservancy, scientifically select construction routes and construction sites, minimize the occupation of forest land, grassland and cultivated land, and prevent soil erosion and land desertification. Strengthen the ecological supervision of the development and utilization of non-pasture grassland. Farmland on steep slopes in the upper and middle reaches of major rivers should be returned to forests and grasslands in a planned and step-by-step manner in accordance with relevant plans, and the management of farmland should be strengthened to prevent re-cultivation.

13. Ecological environment protection for the development and utilization of forest and grassland resources. Forest areas and grasslands with important ecological functions should be classified as prohibited reclamation areas, logging areas or grazing areas, and strictly managed; Those that have been developed and utilized should return farmland to pasture, cultivate forests and grass, and make them recuperate. Implement natural forest protection projects to protect and give full play to the ecological benefits of forests to the maximum extent; It is necessary to effectively protect all kinds of ecological public welfare forests such as water conservation forests, soil and water conservation forests, windbreak and sand fixation forests, and special-purpose forests; For the cultivated land and abandoned land reclaimed by deforestation and grass destruction, it is necessary to return farmland to forest and grass within a time limit in accordance with the principle of "whoever approves it will be responsible and whoever destroys it will be restored". Strengthen forest and grassland fire prevention and control of pests and rodents, and strive to reduce the disastrous loss of forest and grass resources; Increase the intensity of closing hillsides to facilitate afforestation and grass cultivation in burned and deforested areas, and accelerate the restoration of ecological environment and the improvement of ecological functions in forest areas and grasslands. Vigorously develop renewable energy technologies such as wind energy, solar energy and biomass energy, and reduce the damage to forest and grass vegetation caused by firewood harvesting.

To develop animal husbandry, we should insist on fixing livestock by grass and prevent overloading and overgrazing. Seriously overloaded and overgrazing, the carrying capacity should be approved, and the number of livestock should be reduced within a time limit. Take the policy of combining protection and utilization, strictly implement the grazing ban period, grazing ban area and rotational grazing system, actively develop straw feed, gradually implement the method of feeding in captivity, and accelerate the restoration of degraded grassland. In arid and semi-arid areas, it is necessary to adjust the proportion of grain and livestock production according to local conditions and vigorously implement the project of planting grass to raise livestock and enrich the people. Agricultural development in the farming-pastoral ecotone shall not cause new grassland damage; The development of oasis agriculture shall not destroy natural vegetation. For the cultivated grassland in pastoral areas, we should return farmland to grassland and restore vegetation within a time limit.

14. Ecological environment protection for the development and utilization of biological species resources. The exploitation of biological species resources should be carried out on the premise of protecting species diversity and ensuring biological safety. All forms of killing and collecting endangered wild animals and plants are prohibited according to law. Severely crack down on the illegal trade in endangered wildlife. Strictly restrict the killing, collection and sale of beneficial insects, birds and animals. Encourage the domestication and breeding of wildlife. Strengthen the development and management of wildlife resources, gradually delimit quasi-mining areas, standardize mining and excavation methods, and prohibit indiscriminate mining and excavation; It is strictly forbidden to collect and sell Nostoc flagelliforme, ban all Nostoc flagelliforme trade, and resolutely stop the indiscriminate digging of various wild medicinal plants with important sand-fixing functions in arid and semi-arid grasslands. Do a good job in the protection of spawning grounds, feeding grounds, wintering grounds, migratory passages and important aquatic organisms and their habitats for important fish. Strengthen biosafety management and establish import and export management system and risk assessment system for living genetically modified organisms and their products; Risk assessment must be carried out for the introduction of alien species, and import quarantine work should be strengthened to prevent foreign harmful species from entering China.

15. Ecological environment protection for the development and utilization of marine and fishery resources. The development and utilization of marine and fishery resources must be carried out according to functional zoning, so as to achieve unified planning and rational development and utilization. We will earnestly strengthen the management of coastal zones, strictly examine and approve land reclamation for port construction, coastal projects and the construction of tourist facilities, and strictly protect mangroves, coral reefs and coastal shelterbelts. Strengthen the protection of important aquatic resources breeding areas such as key fishing grounds, river estuaries, bays and other fishery waters, and strictly supervise the ecological environment protection of fishery resources development. Strengthen the prevention and control of marine pollution, gradually establish a system for controlling the total amount of pollutants discharged into the sea, strengthen the environmental management of offshore oil and gas exploration and development, marine dumping, ship sewage discharge and ports, and gradually establish an emergency system for major pollution accidents at sea.

16. Ecological environment protection of mineral resources development and utilization. Mining in ecological function protection areas, nature reserves, scenic spots and forest parks is strictly prohibited. Quarrying, sand mining and earth borrowing are strictly prohibited in dangerous areas of landslides, areas prone to mudslides and areas that are prone to damage to natural landscapes. The development and utilization of mineral resources must be strictly planned and managed, and the construction period, area and mode that are conducive to ecological environment protection should be selected to minimize the damage to the ecological environment caused by development activities. The exploitation of mineral resources must prevent secondary geological disasters. In the exploitation of mineral resources along the river, along the river, along the lake, along the reservoir and in the coastal areas, we must implement measures to protect the ecological environment and try our best to avoid and reduce the damage to the ecological environment. If the damage has been caused, the developer must restore it within a time limit. Mines and pits that have stopped mining or closed must be reclaimed in time.

17. Ecological environment protection for the development and utilization of tourism resources. The development of tourism resources must make clear the objectives and requirements of environmental protection and ensure that the construction of tourism facilities is in harmony with the natural landscape. Scientifically determine the tourist capacity of tourist areas and rationally design tourist routes, so that the construction of tourism infrastructure can adapt to the carrying capacity of ecological environment. Strengthen the protection of natural landscapes and scenic spots, restrict the tourism development of important natural relics, strictly control the tourism development of key scenic spots, strictly control the construction scale and quantity of tourist facilities such as ropeways, and dismantle facilities that do not meet the planning requirements within a time limit. Sewage, smoke and domestic garbage in tourist areas must be discharged up to standard and disposed scientifically.

(3) Ecological environment protection in ecologically sound areas.

18. Areas with good ecology, especially species-rich areas, are key areas for ecological environment protection, and active protection measures should be taken to ensure that the ecosystems and ecological functions of these areas are not destroyed. In areas rich in species, representative of natural ecosystems, typical and unspoiled, a number of new nature reserves should be built quickly. The Hengduan Mountains, the plateau mountains bordering New Qinghai-Tibet, the mountainous areas bordering Hunan, Guizhou, Sichuan and Hubei, the mountainous areas bordering Zhejiang, Fujian and Jiangxi, the Qinling-Bashan Mountains, Xishuangbanna in southern Yunnan, Hainan Island, Daxing ‘anling and Sanjiang Plain in northeast China should be listed as key areas, and nature reserves at all levels should be planned and constructed by stages. In the distribution areas of species and ecosystems with important protection value in the western region, especially in the distribution areas of important desert ecosystems and typical desert wildlife, a number of different types of nature reserves should be built.

19. Pay attention to the protection of urban ecological environment. In the process of urbanization, it is necessary to effectively protect all kinds of important ecological land. Large and medium-sized cities should ensure a certain proportion of public green space and ecological land, carry out in-depth garden city creation activities, strengthen the construction and protection of urban parks, green belts, forests and lawns, and vigorously promote the greening and beautification of courtyards, walls, roofs and bridges. It is strictly forbidden to open mountains and fill the sea and develop wetlands at will in urban areas and suburbs, and it is forbidden to fill and occupy streams, rivers, canals and ponds at will. We will continue to comprehensively improve the urban environment, further accelerate the adjustment of energy structure and the control of industrial pollution sources, earnestly strengthen the environmental management of urban construction projects and construction sites, and actively promote the creation of environmental protection model cities and towns with beautiful environments.

20. Strengthen the construction of ecological demonstration areas and ecological agricultural counties. The state encourages and supports ecologically sound areas and plays an exemplary role in implementing the strategy of sustainable development. Further accelerate the pace of county (city) ecological demonstration area and ecological agriculture county construction. In areas where conditions permit, efforts should be made to promote the construction of prefecture-level and provincial-level ecological demonstration zones.

Four, the national ecological environment protection countermeasures and measures

(1) Strengthen leadership and coordination and establish a comprehensive decision-making mechanism for ecological environmental protection.

21. Establish and improve the responsibility system for ecological environmental protection. It is necessary to implement the responsibility system that local governments at all levels are responsible for the quality of the ecological environment in their respective jurisdictions and all departments are responsible for the protection of the ecological environment in their own industries and systems. Clarify the ecological environmental protection responsibilities of resource development units and legal persons. Implement a strict assessment, reward and punishment system. Units and individuals that have strictly performed their duties and made significant contributions to the protection of the ecological environment shall be commended and rewarded. For dereliction of duty, dereliction of duty, causing damage to the ecological environment, should be investigated in accordance with relevant laws and regulations. Ecological environmental protection and construction planning should be incorporated into the long-term and annual plans of economic and social development at all levels to ensure the investment of governments at all levels in ecological environmental protection. Establish an audit system for ecological environment protection and construction to ensure the rationality of input and output and the unity of ecological benefits, economic benefits and social benefits.

22. Actively coordinate and cooperate to establish an effective supervision system for ecological environmental protection. All relevant departments in the State Council should carry out their duties, cooperate closely, and work together with Qi Xin to jointly promote the national ecological environment protection. Environmental protection departments should do a good job in comprehensive coordination and supervision, planning, agriculture, forestry, water conservancy, land resources and construction departments should strengthen the planning and management of natural resources development, and do a good job in ecological environment protection and restoration. On the basis of the key protection and supervision areas of the ecological environment determined by the state, local governments at all levels should determine the key protection and supervision areas of the ecological environment in their respective jurisdictions according to local conditions, and form a supporting ecological environment protection and supervision system. Governments at all levels and relevant departments in the western region should give priority to the protection and construction of the ecological environment in the western region to ensure the smooth implementation of the national strategy of developing the western region.

23 to ensure the scientific and technological support ability of ecological environmental protection. Governments at all levels should incorporate scientific research on ecological environmental protection into their scientific and technological development plans, encourage scientific and technological innovation, and strengthen technological development and popularization in key areas of ecological environmental protection such as rural ecological environmental protection, biodiversity protection, ecological restoration and soil and water conservation. In the funds for ecological environmental protection, a certain proportion of funds should be used for scientific research and technology popularization of ecological environmental protection, so as to promote the transformation of scientific research results and improve the scientific and technological content and level of ecological environmental protection. Establish an early warning system and strengthen the prediction of the deterioration trend of the ecological environment.

24 to establish a comprehensive decision-making mechanism for economic and social development and ecological environmental protection. All localities should pay close attention to the preparation of ecological function zoning, guide the development of natural resources and the rational distribution of industries, and promote the coordinated and healthy development of economic, social and ecological environmental protection. When formulating major economic and technological policies, social development plans and economic development plans, we should fully consider the impact of ecological environment according to ecological function zoning. The development of natural resources, planting trees and grass, soil and water conservation, grassland construction and other major ecological environment construction projects must carry out environmental impact assessment. For projects that may cause damage and adverse effects to the ecological environment, measures for ecological environment protection and restoration must be designed, constructed, checked and accepted simultaneously with resource development and construction projects. Those that may cause serious damage to the ecological environment should be strictly reviewed and resolutely prohibited.

(two) to strengthen the legal system, improve the people’s awareness of ecological environmental protection.

25. Strengthen legislation and law enforcement, and bring ecological environment protection into the track of rule of law. Strictly implement laws and regulations on environmental protection and resource management, and severely crack down on criminal acts that damage the ecological environment. Pay close attention to the formulation and revision of laws and regulations on ecological environment protection and construction, formulate regulations on the management of ecological environment protection in ecological function protection areas, and improve and perfect local ecological environment protection regulations and supervision systems.

26. Conscientiously implement international conventions and conduct extensive international exchanges and cooperation. Conscientiously implement international conventions such as the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Convention on International Wetlands, the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Wild Fauna and Flora, and the Convention on the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage, safeguard the rights and interests of national ecological environment protection, undertake international obligations commensurate with China’s development level, and make contributions to global ecological environment protection. Carry out extensive international exchanges and cooperation, actively introduce foreign capital, technology and management experience, and promote the all-round development of China’s ecological environment protection.

27. Strengthen publicity and education on ecological environmental protection, and constantly raise the awareness of ecological environmental protection of the whole people. In-depth education on environmental national conditions and national policies will be carried out, and training on ecological environmental protection will be carried out at different levels to improve the comprehensive decision-making ability of ecological environmental protection and economic and social development. Pay attention to the basic education and professional education of ecological environment protection, and actively do a good job in social public education. Urban zoos, botanical gardens and other parks should increase publicity facilities, organize special publicity and education activities, and popularize the knowledge of ecological environmental protection to the public. Further strengthen the supervision of news and public opinion, praise advanced models, expose illegal acts, improve the system of letters, visits, reports and hearings, fully mobilize the enthusiasm of the broad masses of people and non-governmental organizations to participate in ecological environmental protection, and work hard to achieve the grand goal of the beautiful mountains and rivers of the motherland.