China Daily Global Online News: In recent years, the rapid economic development of China and India has attracted worldwide attention. In fact, apart from cultural, historical and political differences, the development of China and India has many parallel characteristics, especially institutional social inequality. Recently, two news stories that happened almost simultaneously in the two countries once again showed this parallel phenomenon.
Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, March 29: "The Ministry of Public Security of China held a national conference on public security management on the 29th, and one of the topics of the conference was to discuss the establishment of a unified household registration system in urban and rural areas, which means that the issue of canceling the dual household registration system in agriculture and non-agriculture that has been widely concerned in recent years is expected to be solved."
On the same day, The New York Times reported from New Delhi that an important affirmative action bill aimed at increasing and guaranteeing the quota of lower castes in Indian universities was shelved by the Supreme Court of India. This can be said to be a major setback for successive governments since India’s independence to eliminate the caste system, a social inequality.
The caste system represents the basic teachings of Hinduism, which was originally the need for Aryans to maintain their dominant position after conquering the South Asian subcontinent. However, after thousands of years, it has become a deep-rooted social bad habit. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, there are two systems that cause hereditary inequality, but they are "new things", "political caste" divided according to family background, and China’s unprecedented "economic caste" represented by urban and rural hukou.
These two modern caste systems first hit the most creative strata in China society: urban intellectuals and the rural proletariat. The former victim was exposed through "anti-Rightism" and "Cultural Revolution", but the latter has so far lacked the attention of scholars. One of Deng Xiaoping’s great historical achievements is to completely get rid of the "political caste" based on family composition, and the resulting liberation of talents has become an important reason for China’s economic take-off. However, the "economic caste" represented by urban and rural hukou has been postponed to this day, which not only continues to hinder the creation of a "harmonious society" and economic development, but also leads to the absurd social inequality of "the same life but different prices".
As Singaporean Senior Minister Lee Kuan Yew pointed out in an interview with German magazine Der Spiegel in the summer of 2005, China, instead of Japan or other Asian countries, would have become the top power in Asia long ago if it had not taken the detour of the "Cultural Revolution", instead of causing international shock due to the "rise of China" today. This is really the golden advice of a generation of politicians.
If you don’t give advice in the past, you can catch up with others. For India and China, it is not only a necessary prerequisite to create a harmonious society, but also a key factor to decide who will win the development competition in the end. Especially in China, where the per capita natural resources are low, the difference between urban and rural hukou is a huge obstacle to the extensive development of human resources. It is expected that the recent national conference on public security management in Beijing will accelerate the early demise of the modern caste system in China. (Excerpted from Lianhe Zaobao, this newspaper has abridged)
(Source: Southern Newspaper Group Author: Yu Shiyu)
Recently, the website of the Ministry of Supervision published for the first time the internal organization chart and related working procedures of the Ministry of Supervision of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection. On the official website of the Ministry of Supervision, click on the "Organization Profile" column, and you can see the block diagram of 27 institutions under the Supervision Department of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, as well as the working procedures of the discipline inspection and supervision organs in handling letters and visits, investigating cases, and handling political disciplinary appeals.
Although the publicity was slightly "low-key", it still attracted widespread attention.
Professor Ma Huaide, vice-president of China University of Political Science and Law, said in an interview with China Youth Daily that although the Commission for Discipline Inspection and the supervisory organs are co-located, one is in the party and the other is in the government sequence, and the particularity of the institutions determines the complexity of the nature of information and the scope of disclosure.
"From the disclosure of government information to the disclosure of party committees, and then to the disclosure of administrative actions required by the Supreme Leader General Secretary, the depth and latitude of disclosure are expanding." Ma Huaide believes that this move by the Ministry of Supervision will promote other party affairs departments to disclose more information and increase the transparency of their duties.
Openness in government affairs benefits both people and themselves.
In 2008, the Regulations on the Openness of Government Information was implemented, and the competent departments and supervisory organs of government information disclosure were responsible for supervising and inspecting the implementation of government information disclosure by administrative organs.
In September 2012, Peking University Public Participation Research and Support Center (hereinafter referred to as Peking University Public Participation Center) released the Report on Administrative Transparency in China (2011-2012). Forty-two institutions under the State Council were observed and evaluated from five aspects: organizational support, institutional support, voluntary disclosure, disclosure upon application, supervision and relief, and the lowest score was the Ministry of Supervision.
"Compared with other ministries, the Ministry of Supervision is quite special." Ma Huaide said that it is co-located with CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, but the party information is different from the government information, and the scope of disclosure is also different, which objectively restricts the transparency of the Ministry of Supervision.
On January 22, 2013, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out at the second plenary session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection that it is necessary to improve the open system of administrative actions and ensure that leading cadres do not abuse their power and power for personal gain.
Ma Huaide believes that the connotation and extension of "openness of administrative actions" are broader. Under this requirement, it is foreseeable that the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the Ministry of Supervision will disclose more information in the next step.
Lang Peijuan, a professor at China University of Political Science and Law, believes that the open work process of the Ministry of Supervision reflects the change of its own concept. On the one hand, it is conducive to the people to understand the basis for the authorities to exercise their power and the specific ways, methods and procedures for exercising public power; On the other hand, it is also convenient for public supervision.
"In the past, the case-handling organs had concerns, fearing that after the internal workflow was made public, it would hinder the handling of cases." Lang Peijuan said that in fact, this will not only affect the investigation, but also promote the work to a greater extent.
"Although it is a supervisory organ, it is also a public authority itself, so it also needs to be supervised." Lang Peijuan said that the supervision of official behavior should be open, and the openness of procedures is more conducive to broader and universal supervision.
Are there many 27 internal institutions?
The public organization chart of the website of the Ministry of Supervision shows that the Ministry of Supervision of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection has eight discipline inspection and supervision rooms from the first to the eighth, and 19 internal institutions, including corruption prevention room, party style and clean government building room, petition room, case supervision and management room and case trial room.
In this regard, Lang Peijuan said that to judge whether an institution is set up reasonably, we must first measure it from the perspective of its functions: "Set up an institution according to the functions entrusted by law. The criterion for our judgment is what they are doing now, listing their powers, and then judging whether these functions really need so many institutions to do. "
"The Ministry of Supervision is co-located with CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, and there are overlapping supervision objects. There is a lot of cooperation and interaction in the work, and it is necessary to cooperate." Lang Peijuan said that what we see are two brands, which are actually a large department, so we need more institutional settings.
In addition, the organization establishment is also a major factor to judge whether the organization establishment is reasonable. Lang Peijuan believes that in practice, as long as it does not exceed the number of personnel assigned by the Central Organizing Committee, it is allowed to set up as many institutions as possible under the premise of performing legal duties.
Of course, the institutional setup is not static.
"How to integrate internal institutions, how to interact between institutions, how to better share information and make decisions and consultations, all of which need to be continuously explored and gradually adjusted in operation." Lang Peijuan said.
There is no time limit for handling complaints and reports.
The Ministry of Supervision has also announced the workflow for handling letters and visits, which is concerned by the public, including four steps: preliminary preparation, registration and acceptance, handling, and reply and feedback. Letters and visits cases that need to be identified urgently, easy to check and settle, and retaliate against informants can be directly investigated and dealt with.
After the complaint reporting is completed, the discipline inspection and supervision organ that undertakes it should give feedback to the relevant real-name informants in accordance with the regulations, but the time for feedback is not limited.
"Any program has no time limit, can’t it be dragged on indefinitely?" Netizens are worried about "remembering good words".
Lin Zhe, a professor at the Central Party School, believes that it is actually more "scientific" not to specify the time. This is due to the consideration of the particularity of the petition work: "The petition work is big and small, some time is longer, and some time is shorter. If you can’t do it, you won’t promise first."
Ma Huaide also agreed with this. "The content of letters and visits to the public is broad and complicated, and there are no clear and specific procedural provisions in the law at present." He said that from the practical point of view, some people report corruption of an official, and some people report violations of a large project. The difficulty of investigation is different and the time is not good to generalize.
Lang Peijuan suggested that the law can stipulate different processing times according to the specific circumstances of clues. Simple, limited time is shorter. Complex cases, repeated, involving a particularly large number of departments, the restrictions can be relaxed.
Lang Peijuan believes that in the workflow, we should not only consider the issue of time, but also grasp the issue of proper and fair procedures: "First, the openness of the procedures, second, the participation and defense of the parties, and finally, the effectiveness of the procedures. The procedures themselves must be binding."
This move by the Ministry of Supervision reflects the openness of the procedures.
"The future disclosure can be more detailed, and every step can be made public. As long as it does not involve state secrets and the legitimate rights and interests of individuals, it should be made public as much as possible, and a mechanism should be provided for the public to track queries." Lang Peijuan said.
Beijing, March 14th
Our reporter Li Li Intern Zhang Hui Source: China Youth Daily
Recently, many consumers gave feedback on the black cat complaint platform. The well-known sports brand Adidas issued a large coupon again after the consumer paid the final payment, and the price dropped. "backstab" had previously participated in the pre-sale of consumers, and the customer service refused to refund the difference. Up to now, there have been more than 20 collective complaints on the black cat complaint platform.
A consumer described in detail the "backstab" behavior of the merchant in the complaint. On October 24th, after paying the deposit, he has been squatting in the live broadcast room to grab coupons. Officially, the denominations are 1000-200. However, after paying the final payment on the evening of the 31st, he found that a larger coupon of 1000-300 was issued on November 1st, and he worked hard to grab coupons in the live broadcast room. How to make up the bill and recharge the shopping card, but there was no coupon of 1000-300. The consumer thinks that it is unfair to change the preferential policies at will, and asks the merchants to make up the difference, but it is rejected. The merchant responded by saying that it accepted the refund of the return. However, the consumer’s coupons and accumulated red envelopes have been used, and the loss caused by the refund is too great. It questioned: Is it a consumer fraud that merchants induce consumers to participate in pre-sale with the so-called "lowest price" but change preferential policies at will?
Up to now, Adidas Group has only indicated on the black cat complaint platform that it is aware of it and is in contact with consumers. There is no other response.
Source: Black Cat Complaint
The search of the reporters of the rule of law network found that there are not a few consumers who have encountered this experience. Some consumers have successfully defended their rights through Taobao platform intervention or calling the 12345 consumer hotline. However, many consumers still face the situation that merchants refuse to pay compensation and delay processing.
Source: Little Red Book
In 2009, Taobao took the lead in launching the "Double Eleven" promotion. Since then, the annual "Double Eleven" has been regarded as a consumer carnival day, and major e-commerce platforms and merchants have launched various "Double Eleven" promotional activities, such as full reduction, pre-sale discounts, discounts for live broadcast rooms, signing in red envelopes, red envelopes for shop members, and candy teams. All kinds of consumer benefits have dazzled consumers. However, in recent years, the design of "Double Eleven" promotional items has become more and more complicated, and many consumers have complained. Now "Double Eleven" seems to be a double test of mental and physical strength, and it will never be a discount that you can’t understand, a full red envelope that you forget to use when you are not careful, a coupon that you can grab late at night and a spike price. Simple and clear discounts seem to have become a "past tense".
The "Double Eleven" Raiders Map compiled by netizens. Source: Little Red Book
Source: Weibo
In fact, the reporter of the rule of law network noticed that the situation of "backstab" consumers like Adidas is not an isolated case. During the "Double Eleven" in 2021, the beauty brand L ‘Oré al Paris claimed that the pre-sale of the live broadcast room in Li Jiaqi was the biggest in the whole year. At that time, the price of the live broadcast room was 429 yuan and 50 pieces, which reached about 368 yuan after various discounts were superimposed. However, after the end of the pre-sale period, the official flagship store of L ‘Oré al Paris issued tens of thousands of store coupons of 999 minus 200 in early November, and with various platform discounts, the lowest hand price of this product was 257.7 yuan. The price difference was so large that it once aroused public anger, and consumers complained jointly. Finally, the brand publicly apologized and gave coupons to end the storm.
Source: Weibo
During the "Double Eleven" in 2022, a netizen reported that an e-commerce platform intended to guide consumers to buy Apple mobile phones in advance, which led to the loss of 200 yuan for the first batch of buyers compared with those who bought later, and the platform refused to negotiate and compensate the difference. He said that he bought an Apple mobile phone on October 31, during which the platform induced consumers to say that the price of the "Double Eleven" activity of Apple mobile phone was similar on October 31 and November 1, and the cost of buying an Apple 14 mobile phone in the first wave of "Double Eleven" activities was 6349 yuan. However, only two days later, the platform subsidized the red envelope 100 yuan on November 3, and the purchase price on that day was 6,249 yuan. Since then, the second wave of "Double Eleven" activities has issued coupons 750 yuan, and the price of Apple’s 14 mobile phone has dropped to 6,149 yuan.
According to the public opinion analysis of China Consumers Association on consumer rights protection from October 20 to November 13, 2022, there are 768,340 negative messages about "promotional price disputes", accounting for 14.01% of the total spit information.
%, with a daily average of 30,734, showing a fluctuating upward trend. Spitting is concentrated in the second half of the promotion period, and the content of spitting mainly points to the problems of price increase first and then discount, high pre-sale price and so on.
Daily trend chart of negative information about promotional price disputes. Source: China Consumers Association
Lawyer Zhang Yinfu, a senior partner of Beijing Yingke Law Firm, said that if a merchant deliberately conceals or exaggerates the preferential strength during the pre-sale, it is suspected of fraud. As the main body of selling goods, merchants need to bear corresponding responsibilities for the goods they sell. The Measures for Punishment of Infringement on Consumers’ Rights and Interests stipulates that the information provided by business operators to consumers about goods or services shall be true, comprehensive and accurate, and they shall not engage in any of the following false or misleading propaganda acts, and shall not sell goods or services at false "clearance price", "sale price", "lowest price" or other deceptive prices. The Measures for Punishment of Consumer Fraud stipulates that operators who provide goods or services fraudulently shall be given the following penalties according to law: 1. The administrative department for industry and commerce shall order them to make corrections, and may impose a single punishment or a warning according to the circumstances, confiscate the illegal income and impose a fine of more than one time but less than five times the illegal income, and impose a fine of less than 10,000 yuan if there is no illegal income. 2. If the circumstances are serious, it shall be ordered to suspend business for rectification and revoke its business license. According to Article 55 of the Law on the Protection of Consumers’ Rights and Interests in People’s Republic of China (PRC), if an operator commits fraud in providing goods or services, he shall increase the compensation for the losses suffered by the consumer according to his requirements.
"The key to this incident is whether the merchants promise to pre-sell consumers to enjoy the’ lowest price’. If the merchant makes it clear that consumers in the pre-sale period can buy goods at the lowest price, but then changing the promotion method violates the previous commitment, it is an infringement of consumers’ right to know and choose. " Chen Yinjiang, deputy secretary general of china law society Consumer Protection Law Research Association, pointed out.
As for the way that merchants allow consumers to return goods and refund, but refuse to pay the difference, Chen Yinjiang said that it is the right of consumers to choose to return goods or refund the difference, and merchants should compensate consumers for the actual losses caused by their actions. In addition, the platform’s responsibility for assistance should also be seriously implemented. After discovering or receiving complaints from consumers, the e-commerce platform has the obligation to assist consumers in investigating rights protection and urge businesses to deal with them. If the platform provider knows or should know that the seller or service provider uses its platform to infringe upon the legitimate rights and interests of consumers and fails to take necessary measures, it shall be jointly and severally liable with the seller or service provider according to law.
"With the advent of the’ Double Eleven’, consumers need to be cautious while enjoying shopping happiness, and pay attention to retaining relevant evidence such as consumption vouchers, product discount interfaces, and video and audio in the live broadcast room as a guarantee for future rights protection." Chen Yinjiang said.
Topic planning | Rule of Law Network Research Institute
Text | Fan Jie
catalogs:115814; contentid:12031048; publishdate:2023-11-12; Author: Xiong Xianbin; file:1699780227694-ee8b95d4-c4aa-4bf1-af79-61e4dc33cfff; source:29; From: rule of law network; timestamp:2023-11-12
17:10:25;
Topic: A strong earthquake of magnitude 7.8 occurred in Sichuan.
> > > Click to watch the video < < <
CCTV News: The Dedication of Love, co-sponsored by the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee, the Ministry of Culture, the State Press and Publication Administration, the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television, the General Political Department of the China People’s Liberation Army, the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles and the Chinese Writers Association, and undertaken by CCTV-2008Large-scale donation activities for earthquake relief will be held onfivemoon18Eight o’clock in the eveningLive broadcast on CCTV 1, 3 and 4.
A donation link will be set up at the event site to send warmth to the people in the disaster area with practical actions, encouraging people to build confidence in the face of disasters, unite as one and rebuild their homes.
At present, the directors, producers, dancers, acoustics and other persons in charge of various jobs have been put in place. The staff often receive calls from enthusiastic people from all walks of life, such as the literary and art circles, who expressed their hope to join the event and send a love to the people in the disaster area.
Donation hotline: Account name: Ministry of Civil Affairs-special account for remittance and payment of central finance accountNo.:11001007400058224610 openhouseholdBank: Dongsi Branch of China Construction Bank Contact telephone number:58123111
Jiaodong online Comprehensive: With the curtain of Spring Festival travel rush, the traffic police detachment of Yantai Public Security Bureau made a judgment on the traffic safety situation in advance based on previous years’ experience, and made early warning through big data analysis. It is estimated that during the Spring Festival of 2018, roads that are prone to congestion in downtown Yantai are mostly concentrated around transportation hubs (railway stations, long-distance bus stations and docks) and business districts (Zhenhua, Joy City, Wanda, Sanzhan, etc.).
Prediction of the most congested time before and after the Spring Festival in urban areas
The traffic police department of Yantai analyzed the traffic jam-prone periods in the central area of Spring Festival travel rush. Before the single and even number restrictions were implemented in the downtown area, the traffic congestion in the urban area was particularly serious from 9: 00 to 15: 30 on the 15th to 22nd of the twelfth lunar month, and the traffic volume was also large from 19: 00 to 21: 00. After the single and even numbers are restricted, the main congestion periods in urban areas mostly occur in the morning and evening rush hours (7:20-8:20, 17:00-18:00), and the weekends before and after the holidays in Spring Festival travel rush are from 10: 00 to 15:30.
Network data map: Yantai Railway Station
It is easy to block around the main transportation hubs and business districts in the city center.
After Spring Festival travel rush started in 2016 and 2017, the traffic congestion in downtown Yantai increased slightly. The traffic volume has been increasing from around the beginning of the year to before the holiday. After the festival, from the third day, the traffic volume began to rise, and the traffic volume in counties and cities also showed the above characteristics.
According to the analysis data of traffic jam-prone roads in downtown Spring Festival travel rush, the traffic jam-prone roads in downtown are mostly concentrated around transportation hubs (railway stations, long-distance bus stations and docks) and business districts (Zhenhua, Joy City, Wanda and Sanzhan, etc.). According to the size of traffic flow in 2016 and 2017, it is ranked as follows: Haigang intersection of Beima Road, Haiyang intersection of North maruta, Qingnian intersection of Beima Road, Qingnian intersection of South Street, Shengli intersection of South Street, Southwest River intersection of Shengli Road and Southwest River intersection of South Street.
Congestion NO.1: Congestion index at the intersection of Beima Road seaport: ★★★★★★★
Beimalu Haigang intersection
Congestion NO.2: congestion index of Haiyang intersection in North maruta: ★★★★★★★
North maruta Haiyang intersection
Congestion NO.3: Congestion index of Qingnian intersection on Beima Road: ★★★★★★★
Beimalu Qingnian intersection
Congestion NO.4: Congestion index of Qingnian intersection in South Street: ★★★★★☆.
Qingnian intersection of Nandajie
Congestion NO.5: Congestion index of Shengli intersection in South Street: ★★★★★☆.
Shengli intersection of Nandajie
Congestion NO.6: Congestion index of southwest river intersection of Shengli Road: ★★★★★
Southwest River intersection of Shengli Road
Congestion NO.7: Congestion index of southwest river intersection of South Street: ★★★★★
South street southwest river intersection
6 days before the festival, the central area will be restricted by single and even numbers.
The Spring Festival of 2018 is approaching, and the traffic police detachment of Yantai Public Security Bureau will continue to implement temporary "single and double number" traffic restrictions, and new energy vehicles are not within the scope of restrictions. The time is from February 9, 2018 (the 24th day of the twelfth lunar month) to the 14th day (the 29th day of the twelfth lunar month), from 9: 00 to 19: 00 every day, for a total of 6 days. It is reported that the restricted area is east of Qingnian Road, south of Beima Road, north of Hongqi Middle Road and west of Jiefang Road and Yingxiang Road, including Qingnian Road, Beima Road, Jiefang Road and Yingxiang Road.
In the restricted area, motor vehicles pass by single and double numbers according to the tail number of the license plate (referring to the last digit of Arabic numerals in the license plate number, excluding English letters, the same below). The tail number of the license plate is even (including 0) for two-day traffic and odd for one-day traffic. Buses, taxis, road passenger transport, shuttle buses between factories and enterprises, special vehicles performing urgent tasks and new energy vehicles are not restricted; Vehicles transporting electric coal, petroleum, natural gas, vegetables, non-staple food and other articles that protect people’s livelihood are not restricted with valid passes. For freight vehicles, continue to follow the original restrictions.
Those who violate the restrictions will be investigated and dealt with by the public security traffic police department through the police on duty on the road and traffic monitoring equipment. For those who violate the traffic restrictions, the traffic police department will impose a fine of 200 yuan and record 3 points.
Analysis of Road Flow in Spring Festival travel rush
Analysis of national and provincial highway flow during Spring Festival travel rush. From the fifteenth day of the twelfth lunar month, the traffic volume began to increase obviously, and continued until the 29th day of the twelfth lunar month before the Spring Festival. From the first day to the fourth day of the first month, the traffic volume reached a low point, and from the fifth day to the sixth day, it began to peak on the return journey. From the seventh day, it slowly decreased until the sixteenth day of the first month, and then the traffic volume of national and provincial highways resumed to run smoothly.
It is predicted that during the period of Spring Festival travel rush in 2018, the traffic volume and passenger flow of the whole city may reach three peaks. The first wave, from February 13th to 15th, mainly focused on the traffic flow from urban areas to villages and towns, with directions from urban areas to rural areas and from coastal areas to inland areas. The second wave is around the end of the Spring Festival holiday (February 21), mainly for the peak of return and return traffic; From the end of the Spring Festival holiday to the Lantern Festival, the traffic volume gradually increased. The third wave is around the Lantern Festival on March 2, mainly for returning to work and students returning to school.
After the festival, temple fairs and lantern festivals will lead to congestion.
During the period of Spring Festival travel rush in 2017, the city collected 96 road traffic early warning incidents, with a year-on-year increase of 75%. Among them, the pre-holiday early warning events that have a great impact on urban road traffic include Beimalu Fish Market in Zhifu District (from the 20th to the 29th of the twelfth lunar month), shopping around Joy City in the urban area, shopping around Wanda, shopping around Zhenhua, shopping around three stations and shopping around RT Mart (from the 15th to the 29th of the twelfth lunar month), and the early warning events that have a great impact on county and urban road traffic include shopping around major business districts and "big gatherings" in various places years ago.
Data Map: Panorama of 2017 Yuding Temple Fair Photo by Li Gang
The early warning events that have great influence on the road traffic in Yantai city after the holiday include Yuhuangding Temple Fair (from the fifth day to the tenth day of the first month), nanshan park Spring Festival Annual Meeting (from the first day to the fifth day of the first month), Wanda Mansion Temple Fair (from the fifth day to the sixteenth day of the first month), Tashan Amusement City Lantern Festival (from the fifth day to the sixteenth day of the first month) and Yantai Mountain Lantern Festival (from the fifth day to the sixteenth day of the first month).
The city’s road traffic volume is expected to increase slightly compared with last year.
During the period of Spring Festival travel rush in 2018, Yantai’s road traffic volume is expected to usher in three peaks. During the peak period, there will be a large increase in traffic volume at the entrances and exits of provincial highways and expressways in G204, G206, S302 and S308. The first wave was from February 13th to 15th, and the traffic reached its peak on the afternoon of February 14th before the festival. The second wave is around the end of the Spring Festival holiday on February 21, in which there is a small peak of visiting relatives on the third day of the first month, and the traffic reaches its peak in the afternoon of the sixth day of the first month; The third wave reached its peak after the Lantern Festival.
It is suggested that citizens travel according to the wrong peak of road conditions and have a happy and peaceful year. (Liu Yanbing comprehensively compiled the report)
The Yangtze River and the Yellow River are the mother rivers of the Chinese nation, which have nurtured a long history of Chinese civilization. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that "the Yangtze River and Yellow River basins are the main battlefields of ecological civilization construction". Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, through a series of important measures, remarkable achievements have been made in the ecological protection and management of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River, and the mother river has regained its vitality.
The main stream of the Yangtze River has maintained Grade II water quality for five consecutive years.
On the banks of Liangzi Lake in Ezhou, Hubei Province in the Yangtze River Basin, as night falls, millions of fireflies attract an endless stream of tourists.
The team led by Fu Xinhua has been monitoring the migration and survival of fireflies for 20 consecutive years.
Fu Xinhua, a professor at Huazhong Agricultural University: In the past five years, the population size of rare aquatic fireflies has been expanding at a rate of 15% to 20% every year. Because these aquatic fireflies can only live in Class I water, it can also directly reflect that our water environment is getting better.
The research team’s high-sensitivity monitor and AI tracking and identification technology recorded the "footprints" of more than ten aquatic fireflies in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River: since 2016, the population size of the aquatic fireflies, which is the most sensitive to the water environment, has continued to expand. In ten years, the number has increased by more than 10 times.
In the air of 10,000 meters high, remote sensing satellites also perceive the ten-year changes in the water quality of the Yangtze River around fireflies.
This is a remote sensing satellite image taken in April 2015 in a tributary of the Changjiang River in Xianning, Hubei Province. The darker the yellow color, the higher the concentration of total phosphorus in the main pollutant.
This is the image of the same river section in April this year, and the color has changed from yellow to green, indicating that the total phosphorus concentration has dropped significantly.
In the past ten years, nearly 10,000 chemical enterprises in the Yangtze River Basin have been shut down and moved. While the pollution sources are decreasing, the "Skynet" that supervises the sewage outlets is becoming more and more dense.
By the end of 2024, the Yangtze River Economic Belt had surveyed 140,000 kilometers of river and lake shoreline, and found more than 180,000 sewage outlets into the river, with a remediation completion rate of about 90%.
According to the latest data, the water quality of the main stream of the Yangtze River has maintained Class II for five consecutive years.
The sediment discharge of the Yellow River in 2024 is more than the previous years’ average.
Reduce by over 80%
From the Yangtze River basin with dense water system to the north, the Yellow River, which is symbiotic with the Yangtze River, has also experienced ecological transformation in the past ten years.
This summer, Wanjiazhai, Sanmenxia and Xiaolangdi water control projects in the middle reaches of the Yellow River jointly carried out the 30th water and sediment transfer operation.
At Tongguan Hydrological Station in the upper reaches of Xiaolangdi Reservoir, the on-line photoelectric sediment detector penetrates the Yellow River water with light and senses the change of sediment content. We found that the sediment content in every cubic meter of Yellow River water flowing here decreased from the average of 27.5 kg (1952-2020) to 5.76 kg in 2024.
The key to the decrease of sediment in the Yellow River year by year lies in the Loess Plateau.
Overlooking the gullies on the Loess Plateau from high altitude, we saw a warping dam built to intercept floods and sediments. Today, there are 58,300 silt dams in the Yellow River Basin, with a cumulative sand retention of 7.4 billion tons. In 2024, the sediment discharge of the Yellow River decreased by over 80% compared with the previous years’ average.
When the satellite images of the Yangtze River estuary fade away from the turbidity of the past; When the Yellow River Delta is transformed into an ecological paradise where birds flock together, the rejuvenation of the Mother River not only allows the residents in the basin to share the ecological well-being, but also creates a "green backbone" for the sustainable development of the Chinese nation!
There is a natural connection between soldiers and sports. Military sports can strengthen the physique of officers and men, unite the morale of the army, display the image of soldiers and promote military exchanges.
In recent years, the transformation of military sports construction in the new era has been launched in an all-round way. The fundamental point is to serve the troops and support the construction of combat effectiveness. The basic principle is to highlight military characteristics, strengthen basics, extensiveness and practicality, and strive to improve the contribution rate of military sports to the combat effectiveness of the troops.
Physical education, like moral education, intellectual education and aesthetic education, shoulders the heavy responsibility of shaping and cultivating people. There is a close relationship between sports and troops, which is also an indispensable basic training content in military training and an effective way and means to improve the combat effectiveness of troops. Our army has attached great importance to sports work since the day it was founded, and has shouted the slogan of "training the iron bones and muscles of the workers and peasants and defeating all enemies". Whether in wartime or in peacetime, sports have played a positive role in winning the military struggle and constantly strengthening its own construction for the people’s army.
In the tide of national defense and military reform, the military professional sports force has been reshaped and transformed, and military sports has entered a brand-new development period. Military sports training, which focuses on the mission, moves closer to the combat troops and expands to the future battlefield, has continuously increased its contribution rate to the construction of combat effectiveness of the troops. With the deepening of the theoretical research on combat physical training, the methods and means of combat physical training are constantly updated and iterated. At present, military sports still need to make efforts in the following aspects.
Continuously improve participation. Whether it is military sports training or colorful and diverse mass competitions, there will be no depth without breadth. Only when everyone participates, improves the participation, and allows every officer and soldier to actively participate, can we avoid physical shortcomings, comprehensively consolidate the physical foundation of the troops, and effectively provide strong physical support for carrying out various combat readiness tasks.
Pay attention to expanding educational functions. Improving the endurance, explosiveness, speed, coordination, cold resistance, dizziness resistance and anti-backlash of officers and men is a hard index for organizing military sports training. At the same time, officers and men’s team consciousness, fighting spirit, will quality, healthy mentality and other soft indicators also need to be honed through military physical training and unique sports activities. Only by constantly expanding the practical and actual combat functions of sports activities and gaining a double harvest of "hard power" and "soft power" can we improve the contribution rate of serving combat effectiveness in all directions.
Deepen military attributes. Whether organizing military sports training or carrying out various forms of mass competitions, the ultimate goal is to be able to fight, win battles and win future wars. Running 5 km armed cross-country has "combat capacity" and playing basketball also has "militancy". All sports-related practical activities have military attributes as long as they can serve the purpose of preparing for war, strengthening the physique of officers and men and rallying the morale of the army, which is worth advocating and popularizing.
Fitness is based on building a foundation and strengthening the body to win. The clarion call to achieve the goal of building the army for a hundred years has sounded, and military sports should run out of its own "acceleration" and leap to a new level of the times, contributing its due strength to the great cause of strengthening and rejuvenating the army.
CCTV News:At 4: 33 am on September 16th, an earthquake of magnitude 6.0 occurred in Luxian County, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, with a focal depth of 10 kilometers. At present, the earthquake has caused 121,000 people in Luzhou and other places to be affected, 3 people were killed and 100 people were injured. After the earthquake, many rescue forces rushed to the earthquake area to carry out emergency rescue.
Some houses collapsed in many places, and rescue forces from all sides were dispatched.
The earthquake caused some houses in Jiaming Town, Fuji Town and Yunding Town in Luxian County, Sichuan Province to collapse and crack, and high-speed railway station in Luzhou stopped working, and the earthquakes in Chengdu, Ya ‘an, Leshan and Chongqing were obvious. After the earthquake, Sichuan Province launched an emergency response to the second-level earthquake, and mobilized more than 2,000 rescue forces from all sides to rush to the earthquake area to carry out rescue work. Luzhou launched the first-level emergency response to earthquake disasters, and Luxian organized nearly 4,000 cadres at all levels to participate in the rescue. At present, more than 73,000 people have been transferred from Luxian County, and 89 resettlement sites have been set up throughout the county.
Emergency management department: start the three-level emergency response and send a working group to the earthquake zone.
The Emergency Management Department started the third-level earthquake emergency response, sent a working group to the site to guide the earthquake relief work, and together with the State Grain and Material Reserve Bureau, urgently allocated 2000 tents, 10000 summer quilts and 10000 folding beds from the central relief materials to support the local authorities to do a good job in resettlement and relief for the affected people.
Luxian County, Sichuan Province: Open a rescue channel for earthquake victims and classify them for treatment.
As of 5: 00 pm on September 16th, there were 40 local injured people admitted to hospital due to the earthquake, of whom 32 were treated in Luxian People’s Hospital. At present, the hospital has opened a special rapid rescue channel to treat the wounded through grading and triage.
China, a country with a large population, has entered the middle-income stage from the low-income stage in a relatively short period of time, which shows the superiority of Socialism with Chinese characteristics. After entering the middle-income stage, we are facing new development problems. To solve these problems, we need to innovate Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s theory of economic development, and then enrich and develop Marxist political economy. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has put forward the development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing. The new development concept is not only the theoretical soul to guide China’s economic development practice, but also the ideological soul to innovate Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s economic development theory, which opens up a new realm of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s economic development theory.
Promoting theoretical innovation of economic development under the guidance of major development issues
Comrade Supreme Leader pointed out that adhering to problem orientation is a distinctive feature of Marxism. Problems are the starting point and power source of innovation. Only by listening to the voice of the times, responding to the call of the times and seriously studying and solving major and urgent problems can we truly grasp the historical context, find the law of development and promote theoretical innovation. The most important thing is to grasp the major development problems in our development stage and make a positive response by persisting in problem-oriented and promoting theoretical innovation of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s economic development.
China is still in the primary stage of socialism for a long time, but now it has bid farewell to the low-income development stage and entered the middle-income development stage, facing a series of new major development problems, which can be summarized as follows: First, the growth rate has changed from high-speed to medium-high-speed, which raises the issue of the sustainability of medium-high-speed growth. Second, after entering the middle-income stage, some countries in the world did not change their economic development mode in time, resulting in serious problems such as excessive income gap and stagnant development. We are faced with the severe challenge of avoiding repeating the mistakes of others and crossing the "middle income trap". Third, development faces some deep-seated problems, including the decline of traditional development power, the carrying capacity of ecological environment has reached or approached the upper limit, the unreasonable economic structure, the low level and quality of development, and being at the low end of the global value chain. Solving these major development problems calls for theoretical innovation of economic development. The important exposition made by the Supreme Leader has pointed out the direction for solving these major development problems and innovating the theory of socialist economic development.
The new normal theory of economic development. Comrade Supreme Leader pointed out: "China’s development is still in an important period of strategic opportunities. We should enhance our confidence, proceed from the current stage characteristics of China’s economic development, adapt to the new normal, and maintain a strategic normal mentality." Observing the new normal from the perspective of strategic opportunity period, we should not only understand the new normal as the slowdown of economic growth, but also thoroughly study the important exposition of the Supreme Leader on the new normal of economic development, master its scientific connotation and spiritual essence, and seize and make good use of new opportunities for development. It should be recognized that the change of economic growth from high-speed to medium-high speed is accompanied by the change of economic development mode from scale speed to quality efficiency, so the new normal is not only speed change, but also two important manifestations: first, structural optimization, economic structural adjustment should shift from incremental capacity expansion to adjusting stock and doing optimization and increment simultaneously; The second is the power conversion, and the driving force for development should shift from relying mainly on resources and low-cost labor to innovation. It can be seen that the new normal theory of economic development further clarifies the characteristics, opportunities and tasks of China’s new stage of development.
Innovative, coordinated, green, open and shared development concept. The new development concept is put forward in view of the outstanding problems and challenges faced by China’s development, and it is a strategic guide for China’s current and future economic and social development. Innovation focuses on solving the problem of development motivation; Coordination focuses on solving the problem of unbalanced development; Green focuses on solving the problem of harmony between man and nature; Opening up focuses on solving the problem of internal and external linkage in development; Sharing focuses on solving social fairness and justice problems. The new development concept is a scientific summary of the practical experience of China’s economic development, a pioneering achievement of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s political economy and a scientific guide to the construction of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s economic development theory.
Consolidate the theoretical foundation of economic development around the people-centered development thought
Who to develop for is the basic problem to be solved in the theory and practice of economic development. Comrade Supreme Leader pointed out that the core of adhering to Marxism is to solve the problem of "why people". Our party is a party that serves the people wholeheartedly, and our country is a country where the people are the masters of the country. The starting point and end result of all the work of the party and the state is to realize, safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. The people-centered development thought put forward by the Supreme Leader has consolidated the foundation of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s economic development theory and is the inheritance and development of Marxist political economy.
The people-centered development thought embodies the socialist production purpose of constantly meeting the growing material and cultural needs of the people. According to this requirement, Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s economic development theory needs to define three development goals: to develop productive forces and enhance people’s well-being, to gradually realize common prosperity, and to aim at people’s all-round development. The concept of shared development put forward by the Supreme Leader fully embodies the people-centered development thought, embodies the essential requirements of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and grasps the goal of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s economic development theory. Since the reform and opening up, the vitality of China’s economic and social development has been continuously enhanced, and people’s living standards have generally improved, but there has also been a problem of widening income gap. Putting forward the concept of shared development in the new stage of development is to share and develop in the process of development, and strive to realize the sharing, comprehensive sharing and joint construction and sharing of the fruits of reform and development. According to the concept of shared development, economic development does not serve a few people or some people, and the theory of economic development cannot serve a few people or some people, but seeks benefits for all people. In the process of shared development, the people share the fruits of reform and development, constantly get tangible benefits, have more sense of gain in the improvement of people’s livelihood, and gradually realize common prosperity. The people-centered development thought has further stimulated the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of the broad masses of people and provided an inexhaustible source of power for reform and development.
Deepen the understanding of the regularity of scientific development in combination with the new characteristics and trends of development
After entering the middle-income stage, the fundamental way to improve the quality and efficiency of economic development and cross the "middle-income trap" is to change the mode of economic development and realize scientific development. Comrade Supreme Leader pointed out at the Politburo meeting of the Chinese Communist Party on July 29th, 2014 that "development must be scientific development following economic laws, sustainable development following natural laws, and inclusive development following social laws." This in-depth exposition is a theoretical sublimation of the understanding of the regularity of economic development, a scientific grasp of the new characteristics and trends of China’s economic development under the new economic normal, and a high generalization of new ideas and paths to promote sustained and healthy economic development.
After China entered the middle-income stage, two major development problems have become increasingly prominent: one is unbalanced development, and the other is unbearable ecological environment. The new development concept points out the way to solve these two problems and realize scientific development.
Fill in the shortcomings through coordinated development. Finding out the shortcomings, exerting efforts to fill in the shortcomings, tapping the development potential and enhancing the development stamina through filling in the shortcomings are the proper meanings in the topic of coordinated development. The first is to fill the shortcomings of agricultural modernization and urbanization. China’s socialist modernization road is to simultaneously promote new industrialization, informationization, urbanization and agricultural modernization. In December 2013, Comrade Supreme Leader pointed out in his speech at the Central Rural Work Conference, "Agriculture is still ‘ Synchronization of the four modernizations ’ Short legs, the countryside is still a short board for building a well-off society in an all-round way. " Coordinated development requires efforts to fill the shortcomings of agriculture and rural areas, deepen the structural reform of agricultural supply side, accelerate the cultivation of new kinetic energy for agricultural and rural development, and create a new situation in agricultural modernization. In this process, we will actively promote new urbanization and form a new pattern of urban-rural development integration. The second is to fill the short board of poverty alleviation for the rural poor. Comrade Supreme Leader pointed out that we can’t declare that a well-off society has been built in an all-round way, and on the other hand, the living standard of tens of millions of people is below the poverty alleviation standard line, which not only affects the people’s satisfaction with building a well-off society in an all-round way, but also affects the international community’s recognition of building a well-off society in an all-round way in China. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China has launched a tough battle against poverty. With clearer goals, more powerful measures and more effective actions, we have carried out precision poverty alleviation and precision poverty alleviation in depth, ensuring that all poverty-stricken areas and poor people will enter an all-round well-off society together by 2020.
Promote the construction of ecological civilization through green development. For a long time, the traditional industrialization relying on fossil energy has caused serious ecological environment damage. In order to cope with the severe ecological environment challenges, realize the harmonious development between man and nature and the sustainable development of economy and society, the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put the construction of ecological civilization into the "five in one" overall layout of Socialism with Chinese characteristics. Comrade Supreme Leader pointed out: "The construction of ecological civilization is related to the sustainable development of the Chinese nation and ‘ Two hundred years ’ To achieve the goal, protecting the ecological environment means protecting productive forces, and improving the ecological environment means developing productive forces. " "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets". This regards clean water, fresh air, diverse creatures and green environment as valuable ecological wealth, and further clarifies three levels of productivity research: liberating productivity, developing productivity and protecting productivity. For economic development, these three levels are indispensable. Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s economic development theory studies economic development, and it is necessary to establish a systematic economic theory of liberating, developing and protecting productive forces.
Based on China’s national conditions and practice, promoting theoretical innovation of economic development motivation
Comrade Supreme Leader pointed out: "For such a large economy in China, if the power problem is not solved well, it is necessary to achieve sustained and healthy economic development and ‘ Two doubles ’ It is difficult to do. " The important function of economic development theory is to seek the motive force of development. At the level of production relations, it is to seek development momentum through comprehensive deepening reform. At the level of productivity, it is to seek development momentum on both sides of supply and demand. Since the reform and opening up, China has actively promoted market-oriented reforms, and market demand has become the basic driving force for economic growth. Consumption, investment and export have become the troika for demand-side economic growth. In the new stage of economic development, the problem that the supply structure can’t adapt to the change of demand stands out and becomes the main aspect of contradiction. Faced with the new situation and new tasks, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core proposed to further promote the structural reform of the supply side and strive to achieve economic structure optimization and power transformation.
After more than 30 years of rapid growth, it is inevitable that the driving force of traditional economic factors will decline. However, it should be noted that the factors affecting economic growth include technology, structure and efficiency in addition to material resources and labor. At this stage, although the supply-side impetus such as material resources and low-cost labor is weakening, the impetus of technology, structure and efficiency has not been fully stimulated, and there is still great potential for scientific and technological innovation, structural adjustment and efficiency improvement, and it is a more sustainable driving force for economic growth. Among them, the most important driving force is the driving force of innovation. As the supreme leader comrade pointed out, innovation is the first driving force to lead development. Other driving forces on the supply side, such as structural adjustment and improving total factor productivity, also need to rely on innovation to be fully stimulated. Now, the position of China’s industrial development and scientific and technological innovation in the world has been upgraded from running with each other to running with each other to take the lead and seize the strategic commanding heights. The task of realizing innovation-driven development is even more urgent. Under the new situation, Chinese enterprises must implement the concept of innovation and development, strive to cultivate new advantages with technology, brand, quality and service as the core competitiveness, strive to climb to the middle and high end of the global value chain and strive to occupy a leading position in the value chain.
(The author is Hong Yinxing, a professor at Nanjing University)
Beijing, Jan. 17 (Reporter Li Jinlei) In 2018, what will happen to the tickets, houses and cars that everyone cares about? At the end of the year and the beginning of the year, with the national ministries and commissions holding annual work meetings one after another, the key tasks and deployment of the new year have also surfaced, and many policies have been introduced recently. These policies and measures will have a certain impact on people’s income, buying a house and buying a car.
bill
— — Grasp the adjustment frequency and range of the minimum wage standard steadily and cautiously.
The national conference on human resources and social security put forward that the reform of wage and income distribution system should be steadily and cautiously promoted. In 2018, it is necessary to introduce and implement the reform opinions on the wage determination mechanism of state-owned enterprises as soon as possible, deepen the reform of the salary system for the heads of state-owned enterprises, actively and steadily carry out the pilot reform of differentiated salary distribution, and carefully grasp the adjustment frequency and range of the minimum wage standard.
The reporter from Zhongxin. com noted that in 2017, more than 20 provinces raised the minimum wage, a significant increase compared with 2016. Since January 1, 2018, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Xizang and other regions have raised the minimum wage.
Su Hainan, vice president of china association for labour studies, told Zhongxin.com that raising the minimum wage standard is very important for ensuring and improving the basic livelihood of low-income wage earners and their dependents, and it will also drive the wage level of other posts and the calculation base of overtime pay to increase.
— — Expand the pilot reform of salary system in public hospitals
The National Conference on Human Resources and Social Security also proposed that we should focus on improving the wage and income distribution policies that reflect the characteristics of different occupational groups, strengthen the system design, and pay attention to the effective connection and coordinated promotion with the reform of civil servants’ classification and institutions. It is necessary to expand the pilot reform of the salary system in public hospitals and study and establish a salary survey and comparison system for civil servants and equivalent personnel in enterprises.
Recently, the Notice on Expanding the Pilot Reform of Salary System in Public Hospitals has been issued by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and other departments, encouraging pilot hospitals to actively explore, promoting the linkage reform of medical care, medical insurance and medicine, and promoting the establishment of an incentive mechanism for more work and better pay, so as to further mobilize the enthusiasm of medical staff.
house
— — Meet the first set of just-needed, support improvement needs
The National Conference on Housing and Urban-Rural Construction revealed that in 2018, differentiated control policies will be implemented for all kinds of needs to meet the first set of needs, support the improvement of demand, and curb speculative real estate speculation.
Yan Yuejin, research director of the think tank center of Yiju Research Institute, predicts that the policy of satisfying the first set of just-needed orientation and supporting improved demand may be slightly relaxed, and the identification of the first suite and the second suite, the division of ordinary housing and non-ordinary housing and other aspects will not be ruled out. The possibility of fine-tuning the policy.
— — Housing provident fund loans will be easier to buy a house.
Housing accumulation fund can effectively reduce the burden of employees buying houses. According to estimates, a personal housing loan with a quota of 1 million yuan and a term of 20 years can save more than 200,000 yuan in interest expenses than a personal housing loan from a commercial bank. However, some real estate development enterprises refused to use housing provident fund loans to buyers, which seriously damaged the legitimate rights and interests of paid employees.
To this end, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and other departments recently jointly issued the Notice on Safeguarding the Rights and Interests of Employees’ Housing Provident Fund Loans, requiring real estate development enterprises not to restrict, obstruct or refuse buyers to use housing provident fund loans by raising housing sales prices or reducing price discounts, and not to require buyers to sign a written document voluntarily giving up their housing provident fund loan rights.
With the implementation of these regulatory measures, it is expected that it will be easier for employees to buy houses with housing provident fund loans, and they will be able to really enjoy the benefits brought by housing provident fund.
bike
— — New energy vehicles are exempt from vehicle purchase tax for 3 years.
For those who want to buy a car, the purchase tax policy has changed this year. From January 1, 2018, for passenger cars with a displacement of 1.6 liters or less, the vehicle purchase tax will be reduced from 7.5% in 2017 to the statutory tax rate of 10%.
Buying new energy vehicles will usher in benefits. According to the announcement issued by the Ministry of Finance and other departments, from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2020, the purchased new energy vehicles will be exempted from vehicle purchase tax. New energy vehicles exempted from vehicle purchase tax shall be managed by issuing the Catalogue of New Energy Vehicles Exempted from Vehicle Purchase Tax.
— — Expand the pilot project of expressway differentiated toll collection in different time periods
The National Transportation Work Conference proposed that in 2018, it is necessary to further reduce costs and steadily expand the pilot project of differentiated toll collection for expressways in different time periods. Consolidate the results of various fines, inspections and clean-up of enterprise-related charges in the transportation field.
The meeting also proposed to add 2,000 special lanes for electronic toll collection system (ETC) of expressways with 15 million users.
With the increasing number of ETC lanes, the pilot project of differentiated toll collection on expressways has been expanded. For car owners, it is not only more convenient to take the expressway, but also expected to enjoy more concessions. (End)
